Telehealth effectiveness for pre-exposure prophylaxis delivery in Brazilian public services: the Combine! Study.

Autor: Grangeiro A; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Santos LAD; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Estevam DL; Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/Aids, São Paulo, Brazil., Munhoz R; Centro de Referência e Treinamento DST/Aids, São Paulo, Brazil., Arruda É; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Fortaleza, Brazil., de Moraes RA; Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Fortaleza, Brazil., de Quadros Winkler L; Serviço de Atenção Especializada do Centro de Saúde IAPI, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Neves LAS; Prefeitura Municipal de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil., Santos JCV; Centro de Orientação e Aconselhamento, Curitiba, Brazil., Kruppa M; Centro de Orientação e Aconselhamento, Curitiba, Brazil., Zucchi EM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Catolica de Santos, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil., Escuder MM; Instituto de Saúde, Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Leal AF; Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil., Koyama MAH; Kamiyama Consultoria em Estatística Ltda, São Paulo, Brazil., Peres MFT; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Couto MT; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Neto JE; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of the International AIDS Society [J Int AIDS Soc] 2023 Sep; Vol. 26 (9), pp. e26173.
DOI: 10.1002/jia2.26173
Abstrakt: Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) delivery based on user needs can enhance PrEP access and impact. We examined whether telehealth for daily oral PrEP delivery could change the indicators of care related to prophylactic use in five Brazilian public HIV clinics (testing centres, outpatient clinics and infectious disease hospitals).
Methods: Between July 2019 and December 2020, clients on PrEP for at least 6 months could transition to telehealth or stay with in-person follow-up. Clients were clinically monitored until June 2021. A desktop or mobile application was developed, comprising three asynchronous consultations and one annual in-person consultation visit. Predictors influencing telehealth preference and care outcomes were examined. The analysis encompassed intent-to-treat (first choice) and adjustments for sexual practices, schooling, age, duration of PrEP use and PrEP status during the choice period.
Results: Of 470 users, 52% chose telehealth, with the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) increasing over time for PrEP use (aOR for 25-months of use: 4.90; 95% CI: 1.32-18.25), having discontinued PrEP at the time of the choice (aOR: 2.91; 95% CI: 1.40-6.06) and having health insurance (aOR: 1.91; 95% CI: 1.24-2.94) and decreasing for those who reported higher-risk behaviour (aOR for unprotected anal sex: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.29-0.88). After an average follow-up period of 1.6 years (95% CI: 1.5-1.7), the risk of discontinuing PrEP (not having the medication for more than 90 days) was 34% lower with telehealth (adjusted hazard ratio: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.45-0.97). When adjusted by mixed linear regression, no differences in adherence (measured by mean medication possession rate) were found between in-person and telehealth (p = 0.486) or at pre- and post-telehealth follow-ups (p = 0.245). Sexually transmitted infections increased between the pre-follow-up and post-follow-up choices and were not associated with in-person or telehealth (p = 0.528). No HIV infections were observed.
Conclusions: Our findings indicate that telehealth for PrEP delivery can enhance service rationalization and reinforce the prevention cascade. This approach reduces prophylaxis interruptions and is mainly preferred by individuals with lower demands for healthcare services.
(© 2023 The Authors. Journal of the International AIDS Society published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International AIDS Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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