The impact of acute and chronic stress on gastrointestinal physiology and function: a microbiota-gut-brain axis perspective.

Autor: Leigh SJ; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Uhlig F; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Wilmes L; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Sanchez-Diaz P; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Gheorghe CE; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Goodson MS; 711th Human Performance Wing, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA., Kelley-Loughnane N; Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio, USA., Hyland NP; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Physiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Cryan JF; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland., Clarke G; APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland.; Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioural Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of physiology [J Physiol] 2023 Oct; Vol. 601 (20), pp. 4491-4538. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 27.
DOI: 10.1113/JP281951
Abstrakt: The physiological consequences of stress often manifest in the gastrointestinal tract. Traumatic or chronic stress is associated with widespread maladaptive changes throughout the gut, although comparatively little is known about the effects of acute stress. Furthermore, these stress-induced changes in the gut may increase susceptibility to gastrointestinal disorders and infection, and impact critical features of the neural and behavioural consequences of the stress response by impairing gut-brain axis communication. Understanding the mechanisms behind changes in enteric nervous system circuitry, visceral sensitivity, gut barrier function, permeability, and the gut microbiota following stress is an important research objective with pathophysiological implications in both neurogastroenterology and psychiatry. Moreover, the gut microbiota has emerged as a key aspect of physiology sensitive to the effects of stress. In this review, we focus on different aspects of the gastrointestinal tract including gut barrier function as well as the immune, humoral and neuronal elements involved in gut-brain communication. Furthermore, we discuss the evidence for a role of stress in gastrointestinal disorders. Existing gaps in the current literature are highlighted, and possible avenues for future research with an integrated physiological perspective have been suggested. A more complete understanding of the spatial and temporal dynamics of the integrated host and microbial response to different kinds of stressors in the gastrointestinal tract will enable full exploitation of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential in the fast-evolving field of host-microbiome interactions.
(© 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Physiology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Physiological Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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