Cytotoxicity, acute and sub-chronic toxicities of the leaves of Bauhinia thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. (Caesalpiniaceae).

Autor: Matieta VY; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Mbaveng AT; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon.; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany., Nouemsi GRS; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon., Tankeo SB; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Kamsu GT; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Nayim P; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon., Lannang AM; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon., Çelik İ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Technical University, Eskisehir, Turkey., Efferth T; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany. efferth@uni-mainz.de., Kuete V; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon. kuetevictor@yahoo.fr.; Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Mainz, Staudinger Weg 5, 55128, Mainz, Germany. kuetevictor@yahoo.fr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC complementary medicine and therapies [BMC Complement Med Ther] 2023 Sep 27; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 341. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 27.
DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04172-9
Abstrakt: Background: Bauhinia thonningii is a plant traditionally used against many human diseases such as gastric ulcers, fever, inflammations, coughs, dysentery, diarrhea, and malaria. In the present investigation, the cytotoxicity of methanol extract of Bauhinia thonningii leaves (BTL), fractions and the isolated phytoconstituents was determined in a panel of 9 human cancer cell lines including drug sensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotypes. The acute and sub-chronic oral toxicity of BTL was investigated as well.
Methods: Compounds were isolated using chromatographic techniques while their chemical structures were determined using spectroscopic methods. The resazurin reduction assay (RRA) was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of samples, propidium iodide (PI) for apoptosis, 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolylcarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) staining for mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) analysis, 2´,7´-dichlorodihydrofluoresceine diacetate (H2DCFH-DA) staining for the quantification of reactive oxygen species (ROS), whereas Caspase Glo assays were combined by means of flow cytometry. Furthermore, the toxicological investigations were performed as recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).
Results: The botanicals as well as 6-C-methylquercetin-3,7-dimethyl ether (2), quercetin-3-O- L -rhamnopyranoside (5), quercetin-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (6), 6,8-C-dimethylkaempferol 3,7-dimethyl ether (7), and 6,8-C-dimethylkaempferol-3-methyl ether (8) had promising cytotoxic effects in the 9 tested cancer cell lines. The IC 50 values below 20 µg/mL (botanicals) or 10 µM (compounds) on at least 1/9 tested cancer cell lines were considered. The best cytotoxic effects with IC 50 values below 5 µM were achieved with compounds 7 against CEM/ADR5000 leukemia cells (2.86 µM) and MDA-MB-231-pcDNA breast adenocarcinoma cells (1.93 µM) as well as 8 against CCRF-CEM leukemia cells (3.03 µM), CEM/ADR5000 cells (2.42 µM), MDA-MB-231-pcDNA (2.34 µM), and HCT116 p53 -/- cells (3.41 µM). BTL and compound 8 induced apoptotic cell death in CCRF-CEM cells through caspase activation, alteration of MMP, and increased ROS production. BTL did not cause any adverse effects in rats after a single administration at 5000 mg/kg or a repeated dose of 250 mg/kg body weight (b. w.).
Conclusion: Bauhinia thonningii and its constituents are sources of cytotoxic drugs that deserve more in-depth studies to develop novel antiproliferative phytomedicine to fight cancer including resistant phenotypes.
(© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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