Cultivation and genomic characterization of novel and ubiquitous marine nitrite-oxidizing bacteria from the Nitrospirales.

Autor: Mueller AJ; University of Vienna, Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria.; Doctoral School in Microbiology and Environmental Science, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria., Daebeler A; University of Vienna, Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria.; Department of Soil Biology and Biogeochemistry, Biology Centre CAS, Na Sádkách 7, 370 05, Budweis, Czech Republic., Herbold CW; University of Vienna, Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria.; School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand., Kirkegaard RH; Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria., Daims H; University of Vienna, Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria. holger.daims@univie.ac.at.; The Comammox Research Platform, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. holger.daims@univie.ac.at.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The ISME journal [ISME J] 2023 Nov; Vol. 17 (11), pp. 2123-2133. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 25.
DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01518-6
Abstrakt: Nitrospirales, including the genus Nitrospira, are environmentally widespread chemolithoautotrophic nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. These mostly uncultured microorganisms gain energy through nitrite oxidation, fix CO 2 , and thus play vital roles in nitrogen and carbon cycling. Over the last decade, our understanding of their physiology has advanced through several new discoveries, such as alternative energy metabolisms and complete ammonia oxidizers (comammox Nitrospira). These findings mainly resulted from studies of terrestrial species, whereas less attention has been given to marine Nitrospirales. In this study, we cultured three new marine Nitrospirales enrichments and one isolate. Three of these four NOB represent new Nitrospira species while the fourth represents a novel genus. This fourth organism, tentatively named "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa", represents the first cultured member of a Nitrospirales lineage that encompasses both free-living and sponge-associated nitrite oxidizers, is highly abundant in the environment, and shows distinct habitat distribution patterns compared to the marine Nitrospira species. Partially explaining this, "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa" harbors a unique combination of genes involved in carbon fixation and respiration, suggesting differential adaptations to fluctuating oxygen concentrations. Furthermore, "Ca. Nitronereus thalassa" appears to have a more narrow substrate range compared to many other marine nitrite oxidizers, as it lacks the genomic potential to utilize formate, cyanate, and urea. Lastly, we show that the presumed marine Nitrospirales lineages are not restricted to oceanic and saline environments, as previously assumed.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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