| Autor: |
Wan S; Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706., Lauermann F; Bonn Center for Teacher Education, University of Bonn, Bonn 53115, Germany., Bailey DH; School of Education, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697., Eccles JS; School of Education, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Zdroj: |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2023 Oct 03; Vol. 120 (40), pp. e2305629120. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 25. |
| DOI: |
10.1073/pnas.2305629120 |
| Abstrakt: |
Women remain underrepresented in most math-intensive fields. [Breda and Napp, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116 , 15435 (2019)] reported that girls' comparative advantage in reading over math (i.e., the intraindividual differences between girls' reading vs. math performance, compared to such differences for boys) could explain up to 80% of the gender gap in students' intentions to pursue math-intensive studies and careers, in conflict with findings from previous research. We conducted a conceptual replication and expanded upon Breda and Napp's study by using new global data (PISA2018, N = 466,165) and a recent US nationally representative longitudinal study (High School Longitudinal Study of 2009, N = 6,560). We coded students' intended majors and careers and their actual college majors. The difference between a student's math vs. reading performance explained only small proportions of the gender gap in students' intentions to pursue math-intensive fields (0.4 to 10.2%) and in their enrollment in math-intensive college majors (12.3%). Consistent with previous studies, our findings suggest girls' comparative advantage in reading explains a minority of the gender gap in math-related majors and occupational intentions and choices. Potential reasons for differences in the estimated effect sizes include differences in the operationalization of math-related choices, the operationalization of math and reading performance, and possibly the timing of measuring intentions and choices. Therefore, it seems premature to conclude that girls' comparative advantage in reading, rather than the cumulative effects of other structural and/or psychological factors, can largely explain the persistent gender gap in math-intensive educational and career choices. |
| Databáze: |
MEDLINE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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