Understanding Sickle cell disease: Causes, symptoms, and treatment options.

Autor:	Elendu C; Federal University Teaching Hospital, Owerri, Nigeria., Amaechi DC; Igbinedion University Okada, Okada, Nigeria., Alakwe-Ojimba CE; Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Anambra State, Nigeria., Elendu TC; Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria., Elendu RC; van Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine., Ayabazu CP; Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria., Aina TO; Babcock University, Ogun State, Nigeria., Aborisade O; Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria., Adenikinju JS; Northwick Park Hospital London Northwest NHS Trust, Harrow, London.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medicine [Medicine (Baltimore)] 2023 Sep 22; Vol. 102 (38), pp. e35237.
DOI:	10.1097/MD.0000000000035237
Abstrakt:	Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin molecules that cause red blood cells to take on a crescent or sickle shape. This condition affects millions of people worldwide, particularly those of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and South Asian descent. This paper aims to provide an overview of SCD by exploring its causes, symptoms, and available treatment options. The primary cause of SCD is a mutation in the gene responsible for producing hemoglobin, the protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. This mutation has abnormal hemoglobin called hemoglobin S, which causes red blood cells to become stiff and sticky, leading to various health complications. Patients with SCD may experience recurrent pain, fatigue, anemia, and increased infection susceptibility. Treatment options for SCD focus on managing symptoms and preventing complications. This includes pain management with analgesics, hydration, and blood transfusions to improve oxygen delivery. Hydroxyurea, a medication that increases the production of fetal hemoglobin, is commonly used to reduce the frequency and severity of pain crises. Additionally, bone marrow or stem cell transplants can cure select individuals with severe SCD. Finally, understanding the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for SCD is crucial for healthcare professionals, patients, and their families. It enables early diagnosis, effective symptom management, and improved quality of life for individuals with this chronic condition. Competing Interests: The authors have no funding and conflicts of interest to disclose. (Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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