Prevalence and risk factors of disabilities among Egyptian preschool children: a community-based population study.

Autor: Metwally AM; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt. ammal_mok@yahoo.com., Aboulghate A; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Elshaarawy GA; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Abdallah AM; Quantitative Methods Department, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt., Abdel Raouf ER; Child With Special Needs Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., El-Din EMS; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Khadr Z; Department of Statistics, Faculty of Economics and Political Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.; The Social Research Center, American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt., El-Saied MM; Child With Special Needs Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Elabd MA; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Nassar MS; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Abouelnaga MW; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Ashaat EA; Clinical Genetics Department, Human Genetics and Genome Research Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., El-Sonbaty MM; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., Badawy HY; Prevention of Disability General Directorate, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt., Dewdar EM; Prevention of Disability General Directorate, Ministry of Health and Population, Cairo, Egypt., Salama SI; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Abdelrahman M; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Abdelmohsen AM; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Eldeeb SE; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Naga MM; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Elshamy NH; Community Medicine Research Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (ID: 60014618), P.O. 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt., Shaaban FA; Child With Special Needs Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt., ElRifay AS; Child Health Department, Medical Research and Clinical Studies Institute, National Research Centre (Affiliation ID: 60014618), Cairo, Dokki, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC psychiatry [BMC Psychiatry] 2023 Sep 21; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 689. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 21.
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05171-3
Abstrakt: Background: Child disability has significant implications on their well-being and healthcare systems.
Aim: This survey aimed to assess the magnitude of seven types of disability among Egyptian children aged 1 < 6 years and their socio-demographic, epidemiological, and perinatal predictors.
Methods: A national population-based cross-sectional household survey targeting 21,316 children from eight governorates was conducted. The screening questionnaire was derived from the WHO ten-question survey tool validated for identifying seven disability categories.
Results: The percentage of children with at least one disability was 8.1% as follows: speech/communication (4.4%), Mobility/physical (2.5%), Seizures (2.2%), Comprehension (1.7%), Intellectual impairment (1.4%), Visual (0.3%) and Hearing (0.2%). Age was not found to affect the odds of disability except for visual disability (significantly increased with age (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI:1.1-1.7). Male sex also increased the odds of all disabilities except visual, hearing, and seizures. Convulsions after birth significantly increased the odds of disability as follows: hearing (AOR = 8.1, 95% CI: 2.2-30.5), intellectual impairment (AOR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.5-6.9), and mobility/physical (AOR = 3.4, 95% CI: 2.3-5.0). Preterm delivery and being kept in an incubator for more than two days after birth increased the odds for visual disability (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.1-12.1 & AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 1.7-7.9 respectively). Cyanosis increased the odds of seizures (AOR = 4.7, 95% CI: 2.2-10.3). Low birth weight also increased the odds for all disability domains except for visual and hearing. Maternal health problems during pregnancy increased the odds for all types of disability except hearing and seizures. Higher paternal education decreased the odds for all disabilities by at least 30% except for vision and hearing.
Conclusion: The study found a high prevalence of disability among Egyptian children aged 1-6 years. It identified a number of modifiable risk factors for disability. The practice of early screening for disability is encouraged to provide early interventions when needed.
(© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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