Predictors of underweight among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Bishoftu general hospital, central Ethiopia: Case-control study.

Autor: Assefa MG; Bishoftu General Hospital, Bishoftu, Ethiopia., Deksisa A; Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia., Abdo M; Department of Public Health, Adama Comprehensive Specialized Hospital Medical College, Adama, Ethiopia., Alemayehu OT; Bishoftu General Hospital, Bishoftu, Ethiopia., Daka DW; Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Sep 21; Vol. 18 (9), pp. e0291602. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 21 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291602
Abstrakt: Background: Underweight affects the overall clinical outcome and quality of life and increases the risk of mortalities in Human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) patients. Though studies have examined the various determinants of being underweight in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV), scanty evidence exists about the influence of dietary diversity scores and dietary counseling on underweight HIV patients in Ethiopia. This study aimed to identify the determinants of being underweight among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at Bishoftu General Hospital, central Ethiopia.
Methods: An institution-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 279 participants (93 cases and 186 controls) from April to May 2022. Cases were selected consecutively as they occur, and then two subsequent controls that visited the antiretroviral therapy(ART) clinic were interviewed until the sample size was attained. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire and involved patient interviews and chart review. Bivariate and Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify determinants of underweight. The presence of statistically significant association was declared with p-value <0.05, and a 95% confidence interval was used to show the precision in the measure of the strength of association.
Results: The response rate of participants was 91.2% for each of the cases and controls. Monthly income of patients ≤2000 birr (AOR = 6.63, 95% CI: 2.96-14.85), absence of support giver (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.38-7.50), being having an eating problem (AOR = 14.48, 95% CI: 5.06-41.40), dietary diversity score of four to five (AOR = 2.36, 95% CI: 1.92, 6.08), not getting dietary counseling support and advice (AOR = 2.53, 95% CI: 1.11, 5.72) and chewing khat (AOR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.99,11.33) were determinants of underweight in adult HIV patients.
Conclusions: This study revealed that household dietary diversity, counseling and education on nutrition, monthly income, eating problems, support giver, and khat chewing were predictors of being underweight in HIV patients. This inquires an integrated nutritional intervention including income-generating activities, counseling and education on nutrition and bad habits, and regular monitoring of the nutritional status during clinic visits.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Assefa et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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