Prevalence of hepatitis B infection in the Gambian population: A narrative review of recent developments.

Autor:	Camara M; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, the Gambia., Tantuoyir MM; School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., SeyedAlinaghi S; Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Iranian Institute for Reduction of High-Risk Behaviors, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ghiasvand F; Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Ahmadinejad Z; Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Preventive medicine reports [Prev Med Rep] 2023 Sep 07; Vol. 36, pp. 102401. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 07 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102401
Abstrakt:	Hepatitis B is a "silent epidemic", fifty to a hundred (50-100) times more infectious than HIV, a potentially life-threatening liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV can cause acute and chronic infection and subsequently results in a high risk of death from cirrhosis and liver cancer. Despite the availability of a safe and effective vaccine, HBV continues to be a global burden including in The Gambia. This study reviewed the recent trends in the epidemiological characteristics of HBV in the Gambia. The researchers conducted an online literature search for primary studies on HBV prevalence published in the past two decades from Jan 1992 to Feb 2022 inclusive on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus. All retrieved studies were assessed for eligibility according to specific inclusion/exclusion criteria, data completeness, and methodological coherence. We found that HBV infection prevalence is above 8% in The Gambia. Moreover, HBV is the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Gambia. Liver cirrhosis and HCC have the highest mortality contribution among hepatitis patients, with occult HBV carriers as major culprits. Also, vaccination coverage has declined from 91% to 88% according to reports from current literature. To achieve the WHO goal of eliminating HBV by 2030, policies targeting infection transmission control among risk groups, community awareness programs, research, price reduction of drugs, mass vaccinations, and diagnostics should be urgently instituted. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2023 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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