Outdoor airborne allergens: Characterization, behavior and monitoring in Europe.

Autor: Grewling Ł; Laboratory of Aerobiology, Department of Systematic and Environmental Botany, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland. Electronic address: grewling@amu.edu.pl., Ribeiro H; Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto and Earth Sciences Institute (ICT), Portugal., Antunes C; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal., Apangu GP; Protecting crops and the Environment, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, United Kingdom., Çelenk S; Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey., Costa A; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal., Eguiluz-Gracia I; Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, Malaga 29010, Spain., Galveias A; Department of Medical and Health Sciences, School of Health and Human Development & ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal., Gonzalez Roldan N; Group of Biofunctional Metabolites and Structures, Priority Research Area Chronic Lung Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Borstel, Germany; Pollen Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Lika M; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania., Magyar D; National Center for Public Health and Pharmacy, Budapest, Hungary., Martinez-Bracero M; School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 E432, Ireland., Ørby P; Department of Environmental Science, Danish Big Data Centre for Environment and Health (BERTHA) Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., O'Connor D; School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 E432, Ireland., Penha AM; Water Laboratory, School of Sciences and Technology, ICT-Institute of Earth Sciences, IIFA, University of Évora. 7000-671 Évora, Portugal., Pereira S; Department of Geosciences, Environment and Spatial Plannings of the Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto and Earth Sciences Institute (ICT), Portugal., Pérez-Badia R; Institute of Environmental Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain., Rodinkova V; National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Vinnytsya, Ukraine., Xhetani M; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania., Šauliene I; Vilnius University, Siauliai, Lithuania., Skjøth CA; Department of Environmental Science, iClimate, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2023 Dec 20; Vol. 905, pp. 167042. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167042
Abstrakt: Aeroallergens or inhalant allergens, are proteins dispersed through the air and have the potential to induce allergic conditions such as rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and asthma. Outdoor aeroallergens are found predominantly in pollen grains and fungal spores, which are allergen carriers. Aeroallergens from pollen and fungi have seasonal emission patterns that correlate with plant pollination and fungal sporulation and are strongly associated with atmospheric weather conditions. They are released when allergen carriers come in contact with the respiratory system, e.g. the nasal mucosa. In addition, due to the rupture of allergen carriers, airborne allergen molecules may be released directly into the air in the form of micronic and submicronic particles (cytoplasmic debris, cell wall fragments, droplets etc.) or adhered onto other airborne particulate matter. Therefore, aeroallergen detection strategies must consider, in addition to the allergen carriers, the allergen molecules themselves. This review article aims to present the current knowledge on inhalant allergens in the outdoor environment, their structure, localization, and factors affecting their production, transformation, release or degradation. In addition, methods for collecting and quantifying aeroallergens are listed and thoroughly discussed. Finally, the knowledge gaps, challenges and implications associated with aeroallergen analysis are described.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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