Exploring the impact of ketogenic diet on multiple sclerosis: obesity, anxiety, depression, and the glutamate system.

Autor:	Ortí JER; Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain., Cuerda-Ballester M; Doctoral School, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain., Sanchis-Sanchis CE; Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain., Lajara Romance JM; Faculty of Legal, Economic and Social Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain., Navarro-Illana E; Department of Nursing, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, Valencia, Spain., García Pardo MP; Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in nutrition [Front Nutr] 2023 Aug 25; Vol. 10, pp. 1227431. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 25 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fnut.2023.1227431
Abstrakt:	Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Individuals with MS frequently present symptoms such as functional disability, obesity, and anxiety and depression. Axonal demyelination can be observed and implies alterations in mitochondrial activity and increased inflammation associated with disruptions in glutamate neurotransmitter activity. In this context, the ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes the production of ketone bodies in the blood [mainly β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB)], is a non-pharmacological therapeutic alternative that has shown promising results in peripheral obesity reduction and central inflammation reduction. However, the association of this type of diet with emotional symptoms through the modulation of glutamate activity in MS individuals remains unknown. Aim: To provide an update on the topic and discuss the potential impact of KD on anxiety and depression through the modulation of glutamate activity in subjects with MS. Discussion: The main findings suggest that the KD, as a source of ketone bodies in the blood, improves glutamate activity by reducing obesity, which is associated with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, promoting central inflammation (particularly through an increase in interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17). This improvement would imply a decrease in extrasynaptic glutamate activity, which has been linked to functional disability and the presence of emotional disorders such as anxiety and depression. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Ortí, Cuerda-Ballester, Sanchis-Sanchis, Lajara Romance, Navarro-Illana and García Pardo.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu