Investigating the impact of prior COVID-19 on IgG antibody and interferon γ responses after BBIBP-CorV vaccination in a disease endemic population: A prospective observational study.

Autor: Hasan Z; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Masood KI; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Qaiser S; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Khan E; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Hussain A; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Ghous Z; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Khan U; Department of Family Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Yameen M; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Hassan I; Department of Family Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Nasir MI; Department of Pediatrics Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Qazi MF; Department of Pediatrics Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Memon HA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Ali S; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Baloch S; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Bhutta ZA; Center of Excellence in Women and Child Health Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan.; Center for Global Child Health Hospital for Sick Children Toronto Canada., Veldhoen M; Instituto de Medicina Molecular, João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina Universidade de Lisboa Lisbon Portugal., Pedro Simas J; Católica Biomedical Research Center, Católica Medical School Universidade Católica Portuguesa Lisboa Portugal., Mahmood SF; Department of Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Ghias K; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan., Hussain R; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Aga Khan University Karachi Pakistan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Health science reports [Health Sci Rep] 2023 Sep 08; Vol. 6 (9), pp. e1521. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 08 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1521
Abstrakt: Background and Aims: COVID-19 vaccinations have reduced morbidity and mortality from the disease. Antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) have been associated with immune protection. Seroprevalence studies revealed high immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels to SARS-CoV-2 in the Pakistani population before vaccinations. We investigated the effect of BBIBP-CorV vaccination on circulating IgG antibodies and interferon (IFN)-γ from T cells measured in a cohort of healthy individuals, with respect to age, gender, and history of COVID-19.
Methods: The study was conducted between April and October 2021. BBIBP-CorV vaccinated participants were followed up to 24 weeks. Antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein and its receptor-binding domain (RBD) were measured. IFNγ secreted by whole blood stimulation of Spike protein and extended genome antigens was determined.
Results: Study participants with a history of prior COVID-19 displayed a higher magnitude of IgG antibodies to Spike and RBD. IgG seropositivity was greater in those with prior COVID-19, aged 50 years or younger and in females. At 24 weeks after vaccination, 37.4% of participants showed IFN-γ responses to SARS-CoV-2 antigens. T cell IFN-γ release was higher in those with prior COVID-19 and those aged 50 years or less. Highest IFN-γ release was observed to extended genome antigens in individuals both with and without prior COVID-19.
Conclusion: We found that IgG seropositivity to both Spike and RBD was affected by prior COVID-19, age and gender. Importantly, seropositive responses persisted up to 24 weeks after vaccination. Persistence of vaccine induced IgG antibodies may be linked to the high seroprevalence observed earlier in unvaccinated individuals. Increased T cell reactivity to Spike and extended genome antigens reflects cellular activation induced by BBIBP-CorV. COVID-19 vaccination may have longer lasting immune responses in populations with a higher seroprevalence. These data inform on vaccination booster policies for high-risk groups.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
(© 2023 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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