Exploring in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of the Thai traditional remedy Kheaw-Hom and its bioactive compound, ethyl p-methoxycinnamate, and ethnopharmacological analysis.

Autor: Sukkasem K; Student of Doctor of Philosophy (Applied Thai Traditional Medicine), Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: kanmaneesukkasem@gmail.com., Itharat A; Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: iarunporn@yahoo.com., Thisayakorn K; Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: krittiya@tistr.or.th., Tangsuphoom N; Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand. Electronic address: nattapol.tng@mahidol.ac.th., Panthong S; Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: sumalee1003@gmail.com., Makchuchit S; Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Applied Thai Traditional Medicine Research (CEATMR), Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: msunita_359@hotmail.com., Inprasit J; Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: devil_nui@hotmail.com., Prommee N; Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: bellnuntika@gmail.com., Khoenok W; Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: wichian@tistr.or.th., Sriyam K; Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: kanjana_s@tistr.or.th., Pahusee D; Expert Center of Innovative Herbal Products (InnoHerb), Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research (TISTR), Technopolis, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: wichian@tistr.or.th., Tasanarong A; Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: adis_tasanarong@hotmail.com., Ooraikul B; Department of Agricultural Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada; Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. Electronic address: buncha.ooraikul@gmail.com., Davies NM; Thammasat University, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand; Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Katz Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2E1, Canada. Electronic address: ndavies@ualberta.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of ethnopharmacology [J Ethnopharmacol] 2024 Jan 30; Vol. 319 (Pt 1), pp. 117131. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117131
Abstrakt: Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Kheaw-Hom (KH) remedy, a Thai traditional medicine (TTM) on the National List of Essential Medicines, has long been clinically used to treat fever and inflammation in children. However, no in vitro or in vivo anti-inflammatory or bioactive compound studies are published in the literature.
Aims of the Study: To explore the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of KH remedy and its bioactive compound and analyze relationships between flavor and ethnopharmacological activities of plant components in KH remedy according to TTM theory.
Materials and Methods: Ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (EPMC), a bioactive compound of KH remedy was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro anti-inflammatory activities of ethanolic extract (KHE), aqueous extract (KHA), acid-hydrolysis of KHA (KHA-h), acid-hydrolysis of KH powder (KHP-h), and EPMC were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) production in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo anti-inflammatory activities of KH powder (KHP) and KHE were determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema and ethyl phenylpropiolate (EPP)-induced ear edema in rats and PGE 2 production in tissue samples was examined.
Results: KHP-h showed the highest EPMC content (21.33 ± 1.08 mg/g of extract) and inhibited PGE 2 , NO, and TNF-α production with IC 50 values of 11.92 ± 0.21, 30.61 ± 3.12, and 56.71 ± 2.91 μg/mL, respectively, followed by KHE and KHA-h while KHA did not. EPMC, a bioactive compound of KH remedy showed high anti-inflammatory activities through three pathways. KHP oral administration (100 mg/kg) significantly minimized rat paw inflammation at 1, 2, and 3 h while KHE (100 mg/kg) noticeably reduced at 2 and 3 h. KHP (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) and KHE (100 mg/kg) significantly inhibited PGE 2 production. KHP (1% w/v) notably reduced rat ear edema at 30, 60, and 120 min whereas KHE at all concentrations decreased swelling at 120 min. KHP and KHE at all doses significantly inhibited PGE 2 production. Cool flavor was the main KH remedy flavor. Spicy plant components and some fragrant components showed high anti-inflammatory activity.
Conclusions: Results from the in vivo study strongly paralleled the in vitro study. These findings support the rational use of KH remedy according to TTM theory for fever treatment and inflammation in children.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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