Retro-miRs: novel and functional miRNAs originating from mRNA retrotransposition.

Autor: Mercuri RLV; Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, 01308-060, Brazil.; Interunidades Em Bioinformática, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil., Conceição HB; Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, 01308-060, Brazil.; Interunidades Em Bioinformática, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil., Guardia GDA; Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, 01308-060, Brazil., Goldstein G; Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Vibranovski MD; Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA., Hinske LC; Institute for Digital Medicine/Clinic of Anaesthesiology, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany., Galante PAF; Hospital Sirio-Libanes, São Paulo, 01308-060, Brazil. pgalante@mochsl.org.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Mobile DNA [Mob DNA] 2023 Sep 08; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 12. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 08.
DOI: 10.1186/s13100-023-00301-w
Abstrakt: Background: Reverse-transcribed gene copies (retrocopies) have emerged as major sources of evolutionary novelty. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small and highly conserved RNA molecules that serve as key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. The origin and subsequent evolution of miRNAs have been addressed but not fully elucidated.
Results: In this study, we performed a comprehensive investigation of miRNA origination through retroduplicated mRNA sequences (retro-miRs). We identified 17 retro-miRs that emerged from the mRNA retrocopies. Four of these retro-miRs had de novo origins within retrocopied sequences, while 13 retro-miRNAs were located within exon regions and duplicated along with their host mRNAs. We found that retro-miRs were primate-specific, including five retro-miRs conserved among all primates and two human-specific retro-miRs. All retro-miRs were expressed, with predicted and experimentally validated target genes except miR-10527. Notably, the target genes of retro-miRs are involved in key biological processes such as metabolic processes, cell signaling, and regulation of neurotransmitters in the central nervous system. Additionally, we found that these retro-miRs play a potential oncogenic role in cancer by targeting key cancer genes and are overexpressed in several cancer types, including liver hepatocellular carcinoma and stomach adenocarcinoma.
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that mRNA retrotransposition is a key mechanism for the generation of novel miRNAs (retro-miRs) in primates. These retro-miRs are expressed, conserved, have target genes with important cellular functions, and play important roles in cancer.
(© 2023. BioMed Central Ltd., part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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