Adolescence and the Microbiome: Implications for Healthy Growth and Maturation.

Autor:	Carson MD; Departments of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina., Westwater C; Departments of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina., Novince CM; Departments of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Division of Periodontics, Department of Stomatology, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina. Electronic address: novincec@musc.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of pathology [Am J Pathol] 2023 Dec; Vol. 193 (12), pp. 1900-1909. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 04.
DOI:	10.1016/j.ajpath.2023.07.004
Abstrakt:	The gut microbiota was initially thought to develop into a stable, adult-like profile during early postnatal life. The formation of the gut microbiota during early life has been shown to contribute to healthy growth and has lifelong implications for host health. Adolescence, the developmental period between childhood and adulthood, is a critical window for healthy growth and maturation. The composition of the gut microbiota in adolescents is distinct from that of children and adults, which supports the premise that the gut microbiota continues to develop during adolescence toward an adult-like profile. Research has begun to shift its focus from understanding the gut microbiome at the extremes of the life span to evaluating the importance of the gut microbiome during adolescence and its role in healthy development. This article provides an overview of adolescent development, host-microbiota interactions, and experimental models used to discern effects of gut microbiota on health and disease. Herein, the role of the gut microbiota is reviewed as it relates to adolescent: i) brain development, cognition, and behavior; ii) metabolism and adiposity; and iii) skeletal growth and bone mass accrual. Future directions are addressed, including omics investigations defining mechanisms through which the gut microbiota influences adolescent development. Furthermore, we discuss advancing noninvasive interventions targeting the adolescent gut microbiota that could be employed to support healthy growth and maturation. (Copyright © 2023 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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