Exposure of Tritrichomonas foetus to sublethal doses of metronidazole induces a specific proinflammatory response in murine macrophages.

Autor: Ceballos-Góngora E; Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico.; Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico., Torres-Romero JC; Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico., Arana-Argáez VE; Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico., Alvarez-Sánchez ME; Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México, México City, Mexico., Acosta-Viana K; Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico., Euan-Canto A; Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico.; Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico., Alvarez-Sánchez LC; Laboratorio de Bioquímica y Genética Molecular, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Merida, Mexico.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of eukaryotic microbiology [J Eukaryot Microbiol] 2024 Jan-Feb; Vol. 71 (1), pp. e13000. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 04.
DOI: 10.1111/jeu.13000
Abstrakt: Tritrichomonas foetus is a flagellated parasite that primarily infects the reproductive tissues of livestock, causing bovine trichomoniasis. The cytoplasmic membrane of T. foetus contains various compounds that contribute to adherence, colonization, and pathogenicity. Metronidazole (MTZ) is the main treatment for trichomoniasis, but the emergence of drug-resistant strains is a concern due to improper use and dosing. T. foetus infection induces inflammation, and macrophages are key players in the immune response. However, our understanding of the host's immune response to T. foetus is limited, and the specific mechanisms underlying these responses are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of T. foetus surface proteins from trophozoites cultured under different sublethal MTZ conditions (MTZ-treated T. foetus MPs) on macrophage activation. By analyzing cytokine levels and gene expression in murine macrophages, we demonstrated that MTZ-treated T. foetus MPs induce a specific proinflammatory response. MTZ-treated T. foetus MPs-exposed macrophages exhibited a higher NO and H 2 O 2 production and overexpression of iNOS and NOX-2 genes in comparison to untreated T. foetus. Additionally, MTZ-treated T. foetus MPs triggered a significant induction of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ, as well as the overexpression of the TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB genes on murine macrophages. The study aimed to unravel the immunological response and potential proinflammatory pathways involved in T. foetus infection and MTZ stress. Understanding the immune responses and mechanisms through which T. foetus surface proteins activate macrophages can contribute to the development of new therapeutic strategies for controlling bovine trichomoniasis.
(© 2023 International Society of Protistologists.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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