The transition from field emission to collisional space-charge limited current with nonzero initial velocity.

Autor: Breen LI; School of Health Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA., Loveless AM; School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA., Darr AM; School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.; Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA., Cartwright KL; Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87123, USA., Garner AL; Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. algarner@purdue.edu.; School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. algarner@purdue.edu.; Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. algarner@purdue.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2023 Sep 04; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 14505. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Sep 04.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41615-2
Abstrakt: Multiple electron emission mechanisms often contribute in electron devices, motivating theoretical studies characterizing the transitions between them. Previous studies unified thermionic and field emission, defined by the Richardson-Laue-Dushman (RLD) and Fowler-Nordheim (FN) equations, respectively, with the Child-Langmuir (CL) law for vacuum space-charge limited current (SCLC); another study unified FN and CL with the Mott-Gurney (MG) law for collisional SCLC. However, thermionic emission, which introduces a nonzero injection velocity, may also occur in gas, motivating this analysis to unify RLD, FN, CL, and MG. We exactly calculate the current density as a function of applied voltage over a range of injection velocity (i.e., temperature), mobility, and gap distance. This exact solution approaches RLD, FN, and generalized CL (GCL) and MG (GMG) for nonzero injection velocity under appropriate limits. For nonzero initial velocity, GMG approaches zero for sufficiently small applied voltage and mobility, making these gaps always space-charge limited by either GMG at low voltage or GCL at high voltage. The third-order nexus between FN, GMG, and GCL changes negligibly from the zero initial velocity calculation over ten orders of magnitude of applied voltage. These results provide a closed form solution for GMG and guidance on thermionic emission in a collisional gap.
(© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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