Juvenile multiple sclerosis: addressing epidemiology, diagnosis, therapeutic, and prognostic updates along with cognitive dysfunction and quality of life.

Autor:	Prajjwal P; Neurology, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College Pune., M D M M; University of Baghdad, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq., Natarajan B; St. George's University School of Medicine, University Centre Grenada, West Indies., Inban P; Internal Medicine, Government Medical College, Omandurar, Chennai., Gadam S; Internal Medicine, Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Mayo Clinic, USA., Sowndarya D; Odessa National Medical University, Odessa, Ukraine., John J; Somervell Memorial CSI Medical College and Hospital, Karakonam, Trivandrum., Abbas R; Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Vaja H; Internal Medicine, BJ Medical College, Ahmedabad, India., A D M M; University of Baghdad, Al-Kindy College of Medicine, Baghdad, Iraq., Amir Hussin O; Internal Medicine, Al-Manhal Academy, Khartoum, Sudan.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) [Ann Med Surg (Lond)] 2023 May 25; Vol. 85 (9), pp. 4433-4441. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 25 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1097/MS9.0000000000000930
Abstrakt:	Juvenile multiple sclerosis (JMS) is a rare but significant subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS) that affects a small percentage of patients under the age of 10 and 3-5% of all MS patients. Despite its rarity, JMS poses unique challenges in terms of diagnosis, treatment, and management, as it can significantly impact a child or adolescent's physical, cognitive, and emotional development. JMS presents with a varying spectrum of signs and symptoms such as coordination difficulties and permanent cognitive dysfunctions and may include atypical clinical features such as seizures, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and optic neuritis, making diagnostic evaluations challenging. Whilst the biology of JMS shares similarities with adult-onset MS, there exist notable distinctions in disease progression, clinical manifestations, and ultimate prognoses. The International Pediatric MS Study Group (IPMSSG) was founded in 2005 to improve understanding of JMS, but there remains a lack of knowledge and guidelines on the management of this condition. This review summarizes the current knowledge on JMS, including its epidemiology, clinical presentations, diagnostic challenges, current treatment options, and outcomes. Current treatment options for JMS include disease-modifying therapies, but JMS can also result in impaired quality of life and psychiatric comorbidity, highlighting the need for comprehensive care for affected children. Through gathering and analyzing scattered studies and recent updates on JMS, the authors aim to address the gaps in current knowledge on JMS and provide an improved understanding of appropriate care for affected children. By doing so, this review hopes to contribute to improving the quality of life and outcomes for JMS patients. Competing Interests: All authors do not have any conflict of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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