Multi-omics in HIV: searching insights to understand immunological non-response in PLHIV.

Autor:	Espineira S; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain., Flores-Piñas M; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain., Chafino S; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Viladés C; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Negredo E; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Lluita contra les Infeccions, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya, Vic, Spain., Fernández-Arroyo S; Eurecat, Centre Tecnològic de Catalunya, Centre for Omic Sciences, Joint Unit Eurecat-Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unique Scientific and Technical Infrastructure (ICTS), Reus, Spain., Mallolas J; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; HIV Unit, Hospital Clínic-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Villar B; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain., Moreno S; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.; Universidad de Alcalá (UAH), Madrid, Spain., Vidal F; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Rull A; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain., Peraire J; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Institut Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Tarragona, Spain.; Infection and Immunity Research Group (INIM), Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII (HJ23), Tarragona, Spain.; Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), Tarragona, Spain.; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2023 Aug 15; Vol. 14, pp. 1228795. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 15 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1228795
Abstrakt:	Antiretroviral therapy (ART) induces persistent suppression of HIV-1 replication and gradual recovery of T-cell counts, and consequently, morbidity and mortality from HIV-related illnesses have been significantly reduced. However, in approximately 30% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) on ART, CD4 + T-cell counts fail to normalize despite ART and complete suppression of HIV viral load, resulting in severe immune dysfunction, which may represent an increased risk of clinical progression to AIDS and non-AIDS events as well as increased mortality. These patients are referred to as "immune inadequate responders", "immunodiscordant responders" or "immune nonresponders (INR)". The molecular mechanisms underlying poor CD4 + T-cell recovery are still unclear. In this sense, the use of omics sciences has shed light on possible factors involved in the activity and metabolic dysregulation of immune cells during the failure of CD4 + T-cell recovery in INR. Moreover, identification of key molecules by omics approaches allows for the proposal of potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets to improve CD4 + T-cell recovery and the quality of life of these patients. Hence, this review aimed to summarize the information obtained through different omics concerning the molecular factors and pathways associated with the INR phenotype to better understand the complexity of this immunological status in HIV infection. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Espineira, Flores-Piñas, Chafino, Viladés, Negredo, Fernández-Arroyo, Mallolas, Villar, Moreno, Vidal, Rull and Peraire.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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