Utilization of a zoo for mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) diversity analysis, arboviral surveillance, and blood feeding patterns.

Autor:	Briggs C; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.; Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA., Osman R; Vector-Borne Diseases Program, Division of Communicable and Environmental Diseases and Emergency Preparedness, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA., Newman BC; Vector-Borne Diseases Program, Division of Communicable and Environmental Diseases and Emergency Preparedness, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA., Fikrig K; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA., Danziger PR; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA., Mader EM; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA., Woc Colburn M; Veterinary Services, Nashville Zoo at Grassmere, Nashville, TN 37211, USA.; Veterinary Services, Phoenix Zoo, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA., Harrington LC; Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA., Moncayo AC; Vector-Borne Diseases Program, Division of Communicable and Environmental Diseases and Emergency Preparedness, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN 37216, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of medical entomology [J Med Entomol] 2023 Nov 14; Vol. 60 (6), pp. 1406-1417.
DOI:	10.1093/jme/tjad111
Abstrakt:	Zoos provide a unique opportunity to study mosquito feeding ecology as they represent areas where exotic animals, free-roaming native animals, humans, and mosquito habitats overlap. Therefore, these locations are a concern for arbovirus transmission to both valuable zoo animals and human visitors. We sampled mosquitoes in and around The Nashville Zoo at Grassmere in Tennessee, USA, over 4 months in 2020 using 4 mosquito trap methods and 12 sampling locations. Mosquitoes were identified to species, Culex mosquitoes were analyzed for arboviruses, and all engorged mosquitoes were preserved for host usage analysis. We captured over 9,000 mosquitoes representing 27 different species, including a new species record for Davidson County, TN (Culex nigripalpus Theobald). Minimum infection rates for West Nile virus (WNV) (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), St. Louis encephalitis virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus), and Flanders virus (Hapavirus: Rhabdoviridae) were 0.79, 0, and 4.17, respectively. The collection of 100 engorged mosquitoes was dominated by Culex pipiens pipiens Linnaeus (38%), Culex erraticus Dyar and Knab (23%), and Culex pipiens pipiens-Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus hybrids (10%). Host DNA from 84 engorged mosquitoes was successfully matched to a variety of host species (n = 23), with just 8 species belonging to the zoo. Wild birds were the most frequently fed upon host, in particular northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis L. Passeriformes: Cardinalidae), which are competent WNV reservoirs. Taken together, our results demonstrate the utility of zoos as sentinels for emerging pathogens, for studying wildlife and human risk of zoonotic diseases, and for assessing vector diversity. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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