| Autor: |
Ungureanu AR; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania., Popovici V; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, 7 Ilarie Voronca Street, 900684 Constanta, Romania., Oprean C; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania.; OncoGen Centre, County Hospital' Pius Branzeu', Blvd. Liviu Rebreanu 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania., Danciu C; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Victor Babeş' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Street, 300041 Timisoara, Romania., Schröder V; Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ovidius University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Al. Serbanescu Street, 900001 Constanta, Romania., Olaru OT; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania., Mihai DP; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania., Popescu L; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania., Luță EA; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania., Chițescu CL; Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University of Galați, A.I. Cuza 35, 800010 Galați, Romania., Gîrd CE; Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Traian Vuia Street, 020956 Bucharest, Romania. |
| Abstrakt: |
Endothelial dysfunction is the basis of the physiopathological mechanisms of vascular diseases. In addition to the therapeutic activity of plant extracts, cytotoxicity is significant. This research evaluates the cytotoxicity of three vegetal extracts ( Calendulae flos extract-CE, Ginkgo bilobae folium extract-GE, and Sophorae flos extract-SE). In vitro evaluation was performed using an endothelial cell line model (Human Pulmonary Artery Endothelial Cells-HPAEC) when a dose-dependent cytotoxic activity was observed after 72 h. The IC 50 values were calculated for all extracts: Calendulae flos extract (IC 50 = 91.36 μg/mL), Sophorae flos extract (IC 50 = 68.61 μg/mL), and Ginkgo bilobae folium extract (IC 50 = 13.08 μg/mL). Therefore, at the level of HPAEC cells, the cytotoxicity of the extracts follows the order GE > SE > CE. The apoptotic mechanism implied in cell death was predicted for several phytocompounds using the PASS algorithm and molecular docking simulations, highlighting potential interactions with caspases-3 and -8. In vivo analysis was performed through brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA) when lethal, behavioral, and cytological effects were evaluated on Artemia salina larvae. The viability examined after 24 h (assessment of lethal effects) follows the same sequence: CE > SE > GE. In addition, the predicted cell permeability was observed mainly for GE constituents through in silico studies. However, the extracts can be considered nontoxic according to Clarckson's criteria because no BSL% was registered at 1200 µg/mL. The obtained data reveal that all three extracts are safe for human use and suitable for incorporation in further pharmaceutical formulations. |
