Pharmacological Treatment of Alcohol Cravings.

Autor: Marin MCD; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil.; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil., Pedro MOP; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil., Perrotte G; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil., Martins-da-Silva AS; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil., Lassi DLS; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil., Blaas IK; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil.; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil., Castaldelli FI; Medical School Catanduva (FAMECA), Padre Albino University Center, Catanduva 15809-144, Brazil., Brisola Dos Santos MB; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil., Kortas GT; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil.; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil., Campos MW; Department of Cognitive Neurology, Neuropsychiatry, and Neuropsychology, Fleni, Buenos Aires C1428AQK, Argentina., Torales J; Department of Medical Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, Universidad Nacional de Asunción, San Lorenzo 111454, Paraguay.; Regional Institute of Health Research, Universidad Nacional de Caaguazú, Coronel Oviedo 050106, Paraguay.; School of Health Sciences, Universidad Sudamericana, Pedro Juan Caballero 130112, Paraguay., Ventriglio A; Department of Experimental Medicine, Medical School, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy., Périco CA; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil., Negrão AB; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil., Leopoldo K; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil., de Andrade AG; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil.; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil.; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil., Malbergier A; Perdizes Institute (IPer), Clinics Hospital of the Medical School (HCFMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05021-001, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil., Castaldelli-Maia JM; Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo 01308-050, Brazil.; Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-903, Brazil.; Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, FMABC University Center, Santo André 09060-870, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Brain sciences [Brain Sci] 2023 Aug 15; Vol. 13 (8). Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 15.
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13081206
Abstrakt: (1) Background: The treatment of substance addiction is challenging and has persisted for decades, with only a few therapeutic options. Although there are some recommendations for specific treatments for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), there is no specific medication used to treat alcohol cravings, which could benefit millions of patients that are suffering from alcoholism. Cravings, or the urge to use drugs, refer to the desire to experience the effects of a previously experienced psychoactive substance. (2) Methods: We included original studies of alcohol abuse or dependence extracted from a controlled, blind, pharmacological treatment study which presented measures and outcomes related to alcohol cravings. (3) Results: Specific drugs used for the treatment of alcoholism, such as Naltrexone and Acamprosate, have had the best results in relieving craving symptoms, as well as promoting abstinence. Baclofen and anticonvulsants such as Gabapentin and Topiramate have shown good results in promoting abstinence and the cessation of cravings. (4) Conclusions: Specific drugs used for the treatment of alcoholism to obtain the best results can be considered the gold standard for promoting abstinence and relieving cravings. Anticonvulsants and Baclofen also had good results, with these medications being considered as second-line ones. Varenicline is an option for alcohol dependents who also concomitantly ingest tobacco.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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