Hyperspectral reflectance and agro-physiological traits for field identification of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes using the genotype by yield*trait biplot technique.

Autor:	Elfanah AMS; Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt.; Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China., Darwish MA; Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt., Selim AI; National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo, Egypt., Elmoselhy OMA; Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt., Ali AM; National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences (NARSS), Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Environmental Management, Institute of Environmental Engineering, People's Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia., El-Maghraby MA; Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt., Abdelhamid MT; Botany Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt.; Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2023 Aug 02; Vol. 14, pp. 1165113. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 02 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1165113
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Salinity is the abiotic obstacle that diminishes food production globally. Salinization causes by natural conditions, such as climate change, or human activities, e.g., irrigation and derange misuse. To cope with the salinity problem, improve the crop environment or utilize crop/wheat breeding (by phenotyping), specifically in spread field conditions. For example, about 33 % of the cropping area in Egypt is affected by salinity. Methods: Therefore, this study evaluated forty bread wheat genotypes under contrasting salinity field conditions across seasons 2019/20 and 2020/21 at Sakha research station in the north of Egypt. To identify the tolerance genotypes, performing physiological parameters, e.g., Fv/Fm, CCI, Na+, and K+, spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), such as NDVI, MCARI, and SR, and estimated salinity tolerance indices based on grain yield in non-saline soil and saline soil sites over the tested years. These traits (parameters) and grain yield are simultaneously performed for generating GYT biplots. Results: The results presented significant differences (P≤0.01) among the environments, genotypes, and their interaction for grain yield (GY) evaluated in the four environments. And the first season for traits, grain yield (GY), plant height (PH), harvest index (HI), chlorophyll content index (CCI), chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in contrasting salinity environments. Additionally, significant differences were detected among environments, genotypes, and their interaction for grain yield along with spectral reflectance indices (SRIs), e.g., Blue/Green index (BIG2), curvature index (CI), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), Modified simple ratio (MSR). Relying on the genotype plus genotype by environment (GGE) approach, genotypes 34 and 1 are the best for salinity sites. Genotypes 1 and 29 are the best from the genotype by stress tolerance indices (GSTI) biplot and genotype 34. Genotype 1 is the best from the genotype by yield*trait (GYT) method with spectral reflectance indices. Discussion: Therefore, we can identify genotype 1 as salinity tolerant based on the results of GSTI and GYT of SRIs and recommend involvement in the salinity breeding program in salt-affected soils. In conclusion, spectral reflectance indices were efficiently identifying genotypic variance. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Elfanah, Darwish, Selim, Elmoselhy, Ali, El-Maghraby and Abdelhamid.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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