Ambient Air Pollutants and Olfaction among Women 50-79 Years of Age from the Sister Study.

Autor: Cao Z; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., Yang A; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., White AJ; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., Purdy F; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., Li C; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., Luo Z; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA., D'Aloisio AA; Social & Scientific Systems, DLH Holdings Corporation, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Suarez L; Social & Scientific Systems, DLH Holdings Corporation, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Deming-Halverson S; Social & Scientific Systems, DLH Holdings Corporation, Durham, North Carolina, USA., Pinto JM; Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA., Chen JC; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, California, USA.; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, California, USA., Werder EJ; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., Kaufman JD; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine (UW Medicine), Seattle, Washington, USA.; Department of Medicine, UW Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.; Department of Epidemiology, UW Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA., Sandler DP; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA., Chen H; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental health perspectives [Environ Health Perspect] 2023 Aug; Vol. 131 (8), pp. 87012. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 18.
DOI: 10.1289/EHP12066
Abstrakt: Background: Poor olfaction is common in older adults and may have profound adverse implications on their health. However, little is known about the potential environmental contributors to poor olfaction.
Objective: We investigated ambient fine particulate matter [PM ≤ 2.5 μ m in aerodynamic diameter ( PM 2.5 )] and nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) in relation to poor olfaction in middle-aged to older women.
Methods: The Sister Study is a nationwide cohort of 50,884 women in the United States with annual average air pollutant exposures estimated based on participants' residences from enrollment (2003-2009) through 2017. This analysis was limited to 3,345 women, 50-79 years of age as of January 2018, who completed the Brief Smell Identification Test (B-SIT) in 2018-2019. Poor olfaction was defined as a B-SIT score of ≤ 9 in the primary analysis. We conducted multivariable logistic regressions, accounting for covariates and study sampling design.
Results: Overall, we found little evidence for associations of air pollutants with poor olfaction. The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of poor olfaction for each interquartile range (IQR) increment of air pollutants in 2006 were 1.03 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.17) for PM 2.5 (per 3.3   μ g / m 3 ) and 1.08 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.22) for NO 2 (per 5.7  ppb ). Results were similar in the analyses using the most recent (2017) or the cumulative average (2006-2017) air pollutant exposure data. Secondary analyses suggested potential association in certain subgroups. The OR per IQR was 1.35 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.65) for PM 2.5 among younger participants ( < 54.2 years of age) and 1.87 (95% CI: 1.29, 2.71) for NO 2 among current smokers.
Discussion: This study did not find convincing evidence that air pollutants have lasting detrimental effects on the sense of smell of women 50-79 years of age. The subgroup analyses are exploratory, and the findings need independent confirmation. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12066.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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