Family Risk Exposure Profiles During Early Childhood: Developmental Processes and Adolescent Well-Being.

Autor: Seay DM; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Ivanova MY; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.; Edna Bennett Pierce Prevention Research Center, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Nickerson AB; Alberti Center for Bullying Abuse Prevention, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA., Godleski SA; Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY, USA., Schuetze P; Department of Psychology, The State University of New York Buffalo State, Buffalo, NY, USA., Eiden RD; Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.; The Social Science Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Adversity and resilience science [Advers Resil Sci] 2023 Jun; Vol. 4 (2), pp. 151-170. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 10.
DOI: 10.1007/s42844-023-00090-4
Abstrakt: Although prior work indicates that exposure to multiple family risk factors negatively impacts adjustment in childhood and adolescence, few studies have examined whether children in high-risk families transition in and out of adversity during early childhood and whether patterns of change matter for adjustment in adolescence. Using data from a sample of 216 caregiver-child dyads participating in a study of prenatal cocaine exposure (116 exposed and 100 non-exposed; 50.9% girls), we used latent transition analysis to identify distinct profiles of early exposure to caregiver substance use (SU) and SU-related familial risk (caregiver psychological distress, exposure to violence, harshness, and low sensitivity) and the association between these profiles and adolescent well-being (i.e., hope, happiness, and life satisfaction). Assessments occurred when children were 13, 24, 36, and 48 months and during kindergarten ( M months = 66.16, SD = 4.47) and early adolescence ( M years = 13.26, SD = 0.88). Caregivers self-identified as 72.09% Black, 15.81% White, 10.23% Hispanic/Latinx, 1.40% other, and 0.47% American Indian. Four profiles of varying levels of exposure to caregiver SU and SU-related risks were identified from infancy to kindergarten: SU/family risks , no SU/low family risks , SU/negative parenting , and SU/low family risks . Most children stayed in the same profile (64.2%), while the rest transitioned between profiles. Children exposed to caregiver SU and family adversity had lower positive outcomes in adolescence. Stable membership in the SU/family risks profile had significant maladaptive consequences on adolescent well-being. Implications for research and the design of tailored interventions to promote well-being among at-risk youth are discussed.
Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest The authors declare no competing interests.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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