Viral burden is associated with age, vaccination, and viral variant in a population-representative study of SARS-CoV-2 that accounts for time-since-infection-related sampling bias.

Autor: Fryer HR; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Golubchik T; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Sydney Infectious Diseases Institute (Sydney ID), School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia., Hall M; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Fraser C; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Hinch R; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Ferretti L; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Thomson L; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Nurtay A; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom., Pellis L; Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.; The Alan Turing Institute, London, United Kingdom., House T; Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom., MacIntyre-Cockett G; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Trebes A; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Buck D; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Piazza P; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Green A; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Lonie LJ; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Smith D; The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Bashton M; The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Crown M; The Hub for Biotechnology in the Built Environment, Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Nelson A; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., McCann CM; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Adnan Tariq M; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Elstob CJ; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Nunes Dos Santos R; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Richards Z; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Xhang X; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Hawley J; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Lee MR; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Carrillo-Barragan P; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Chapman I; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Harthern-Flint S; Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom., Bonsall D; Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Oxford, United Kingdom., Lythgoe KA; Big Data Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus, Oxford, United Kingdom.; Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS pathogens [PLoS Pathog] 2023 Aug 14; Vol. 19 (8), pp. e1011461. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 14 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1011461
Abstrakt: In this study, we evaluated the impact of viral variant, in addition to other variables, on within-host viral burden, by analysing cycle threshold (Ct) values derived from nose and throat swabs, collected as part of the UK COVID-19 Infection Survey. Because viral burden distributions determined from community survey data can be biased due to the impact of variant epidemiology on the time-since-infection of samples, we developed a method to explicitly adjust observed Ct value distributions to account for the expected bias. By analysing the adjusted Ct values using partial least squares regression, we found that among unvaccinated individuals with no known prior exposure, viral burden was 44% lower among Alpha variant infections, compared to those with the predecessor strain, B.1.177. Vaccination reduced viral burden by 67%, and among vaccinated individuals, viral burden was 286% higher among Delta variant, compared to Alpha variant, infections. In addition, viral burden increased by 17% for every 10-year age increment of the infected individual. In summary, within-host viral burden increases with age, is reduced by vaccination, and is influenced by the interplay of vaccination status and viral variant.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Fryer et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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