Retrospective evaluation of hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis in dogs (2003-2014): 86 cases.

Autor: Fosset FTJ; NorthStar VETS, Robbinsville Twp, New Jersey, New Jersey, USA.; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA., Lucas BEG; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.; Environmental Science, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA., Wolsic CL; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.; NVA Midwest Hospital, Orland Park, Illinois, USA., Billhymer AC; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.; Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA., Lavergne SN; Department of Comparative Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) [J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio)] 2023 Sep-Oct; Vol. 33 (5), pp. 577-586. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 14.
DOI: 10.1111/vec.13319
Abstrakt: Objective: To characterize anaphylactic reactions in dogs, including clinical signs, severity, treatments, prognosis, and estimated incidence. To determine whether glucocorticoids influence clinical recovery and survival.
Design: Retrospective study between January 1, 2003 and April 28, 2014.
Setting: University teaching hospital.
Animals: Eighty-six dogs treated for a type I hypersensitivity reaction. Nineteen dogs fulfilled the criteria for anaphylaxis, and 67 dogs had mild cutaneous reactions.
Interventions: None.
Measurements and Main Results: The estimated incidence was 0.04% for anaphylaxis and 0.15% for mild hypersensitivity reactions. The female:male ratio (2.3:1) was significantly higher (P = 0.032) compared to our source population (ratio of 1:1.158). Vaccines were the most frequent trigger for anaphylaxis (57.9%) and mild hypersensitivity reactions (28.4%). Seventy-four (86%) dogs had cutaneous signs, and 11 (57.9%) dogs with anaphylaxis had no cutaneous signs reported. Forty-two (48.8%) dogs received both an H1 antagonist and a glucocorticoid, 34 (39.5%) dogs received an H1 antagonist only, and 6 (6.9%) dogs received a glucocorticoid only. The majority of the dogs survived, and 1 was euthanized due to complications. Clinical signs associated with nonsurvival included respiratory signs (P = 0.006), particularly respiratory distress (P < 0.00001) and cyanosis (P < 0.00001), and circulatory shock (P = 0.005). The analysis of the interaction between etiology, clinical signs, treatment, and outcome did not show any association between pairs of variables.
Conclusions: In the current study, anaphylaxis had a relatively good prognosis, and cutaneous signs were not always present. Based on the present data, the use of glucocorticoids to treat mild type I hypersensitivity reactions and anaphylaxis in dogs was not associated with clinical improvement or survival.
(© Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Society 2023.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: