Pertussis antibodies and vaccination coverage among healthcare professionals in Brazil is inadequate: A cross-sectional serological study.

Autor: Cardona RSB; University of Siena, Banchi di Sotto, 55, 53100 Siena, Italy. Electronic address: r.cardona@student.unisi.it., Weckx LY; Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Borges Lagoa 770, Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04038-001 São Paulo, Brazil., de Moraes-Pinto MI; Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Borges Lagoa 770, Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04038-001 São Paulo, Brazil., Ramos BCF; University of Siena, Banchi di Sotto, 55, 53100 Siena, Italy., Dos Santos ARA; Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Borges Lagoa 770, Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04038-001 São Paulo, Brazil., Spina FG; Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Borges Lagoa 770, Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04038-001 São Paulo, Brazil., de Araújo BC; Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Borges Lagoa 770, Vila Clementino, São Paulo - SP, 04038-001 São Paulo, Brazil., Clemens R; International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Nakseongdae-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, South Korea., Clemens SAC; University of Siena, Banchi di Sotto, 55, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Vaccine [Vaccine] 2023 Sep 07; Vol. 41 (39), pp. 5769-5774. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 11.
DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.008
Abstrakt: Introduction: Worldwide, tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination coverage of healthcare professionals (HCPs) is below 40%, but this data is not available for Brazil. We hypothesize that a high number of HCPs are not immune to pertussis in Brazil. Main objective was to determine the seroprevalence of anti-pertussis toxin (anti-PT IgG) among HCPs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate Tdap vaccination coverage, to assess predictive factors associated with anti-PT IgG, and to estimate the decay of anti-PT IgG and time to Tdap vaccination.
Methods: Observational cross-sectional serological study in 352 HCPs who worked at São Paulo Hospital - Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in 2020, approved by UNIFESP Ethics Committee. Data collected included sociodemographics, knowledge about Tdap, and vaccination status. Anti-PT IgG were quantified by ELISA: <10 IU/mL seronegative and ≥ 10-1000 IU/mL seropositive. Titers ≥ 10-50 IU/mL were classified low positivity, indicating no recent B. pertussis infection or Tdap vaccination; >50 IU/mL high positivity, indicating recent B. pertussis infection or Tdap vaccination, and > 100 IU/mL as acute B. pertussis infection or Tdap vaccination in the previous year. Comparisons were done by Chi-square test, multivariable logistic regression, and Pearsońs correlation, at 5% p-level.
Results: 331/352 HCPs were not aware the Brazilian National Immunization Program recommends Tdap for all HCPs and pregnant women. 68/339 HCPs received Tdap (mean 3.1 ± 2.0 years). 55/352 were seronegative for pertussis, all unvaccinated. 56/271 with no history of Tdap vaccination had high positivity. The probability of anti-PT IgG > 50 IU/mL was 11.5 times higher in Tdap vaccinated HCPs than in non-vaccinated (p < 0.001). There was a weak but significant correlation between anti-PT IgG and interval of Tdap vaccination (r = 0.404; p = 0.001). Anti-PT IgG dropped 5 IU/mL/year (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Better education of HCPs on needs and benefits of Tdap vaccination is critical. Goals must be to improve HCPs vaccination coverage.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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