| Autor: |
Hsia T; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Small JL; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Chan Medical School, University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA 01605, USA., Yekula A; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 554414, USA., Batool SM; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Escobedo AK; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Ekanayake E; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., You DG; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Lee H; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA., Carter BS; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA., Balaj L; Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. |
| Abstrakt: |
Over the last 20 years, gliomas have made up over 89% of malignant CNS tumor cases in the American population (NIH SEER). Within this, glioblastoma is the most common subtype, comprising 57% of all glioma cases. Being highly aggressive, this deadly disease is known for its high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity, rendering a complicated disease course. The current standard of care consists of maximally safe tumor resection concurrent with chemoradiotherapy. However, despite advances in technology and therapeutic modalities, rates of disease recurrence are still high and survivability remains low. Given the delicate nature of the tumor location, remaining margins following resection often initiate disease recurrence. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality that, following the administration of a non-toxic photosensitizer, induces tumor-specific anti-cancer effects after localized, wavelength-specific illumination. Its effect against malignant glioma has been studied extensively over the last 30 years, in pre-clinical and clinical trials. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the three generations of photosensitizers alongside their mechanisms of action, limitations, and future directions. |
