Genome size, genetic diversity, and phenotypic variability imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity in the cross-pollinated tree species of mulberry.

Autor: Gnanesh BN; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Mondal R; Mulberry Tissue Culture Lab, Central Sericultural Germplasm Resources Centre, Hosur, Tamil Nadu, India., G S A; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., H B M; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Singh P; Agri-Biotechnology Division, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, Punjab, India., M R B; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., P S; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., Burji SM; Auxochromofours Solutions Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore‎, Karnataka, India., T M; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India., V S; Molecular Biology Laboratory-1, Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Aug 11; Vol. 18 (8), pp. e0289766. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 11 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289766
Abstrakt: Elucidation of genome size (GS), genetic and phenotypic variation is the fundamental aspect of crop improvement programs. Mulberry is a cross-pollinated, highly heterozygous tree eudicot, and comprised of huge ploidy variation with great adaptability across the world. However, because of inadequate information on GS, ploidy-associated traits, as well as the correlation between genetic and phenotypic variation hinder the further improvement of mulberry. In this present research, a core set of 157 germplasm accessions belonging to eight accepted species of Morus including promising functional varieties were chosen to represent the genetic spectrum from the whole germplasm collection. To estimate the GS, accessions were subjected to flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and the result suggested that four different ploidies (2n = 2x, 3x, 4x, and 6x) with GS ranging from 0.72±0.005pg (S-30) to 2.89±0.015pg (M. serrata), accounting~4.01 fold difference. The predicted polyploidy was further confirmed with metaphase chromosome count. In addition, the genetic variation was estimated by selecting a representative morphologically, diverse population of 82 accessions comprised of all ploidy variations using simple sequence repeats (SSR). The estimated average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and expected heterozygosity showed high levels of genetic diversity. Additionally, three populations were identified by the model-based population structure (k = 3) with a moderate level of correlation between the populations and different species of mulberry, which imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity that could be a consequence of the high level of heterozygosity imposed by natural cross-pollination. Further, the correlation between ploidies, especially diploid and triploid with selected phenotypic traits was identified, however, consistency could not be defined with higher ploidy levels (>3x). Moreover, incite gained here can serve as a platform for future omics approaches to the improvement of mulberry traits.
Competing Interests: NO authors have competing interests
(Copyright: © 2023 Gnanesh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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