Spatial data collection and qualification methods for urban parks in Brazilian capitals: An innovative roadmap.

Autor: Slovic AD; School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Kanai C; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil., Marques Sales D; Observatory for Urban Health in Belo Horizonte, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil., Carnavalli Rocha S; Observatory for Urban Health in Belo Horizonte, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil., de Souza Andrade AC; Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brazil., Martins LS; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil., Morais Coelho D; Observatory for Urban Health in Belo Horizonte, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil., Freitas A; Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Salvador, BA, Brazil., Moran M; School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel., Mascolli MA; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil., Teixeira Caiaffa W; Observatory for Urban Health in Belo Horizonte, School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil., Gouveia N; Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2023 Aug 10; Vol. 18 (8), pp. e0288515. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 10 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288515
Abstrakt: Urban parks have been studied for their effects on health and the environment. Accessing park data from reliable and comparable sources remains challenging, reinforcing the importance of standardized search tools, notably in Latin America. We designed a systematized methodology to identify processes of accessing, collecting, verifying, and harmonizing urban park spatial data in all Brazilian capitals included in the Urban Health in Latin America (SALURBAL) project. We developed a research protocol using official and non-official sources combining the results of Google Maps (GMaps) points and OpenStreetMap (OSM) polygons-GMaps-OSM. Descriptive analyses included the frequency of the distribution of parks before and after harmonization stratified by data source. We used the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to assess agreement in the area between official and GMaps-OSM data. Official data were obtained for 16 cities; for the remaining 11 capitals, we used GMaps-OSM. After verification and harmonization, 302 urban parks were obtained from official data and 128 from GMaps-OSM. In a sub-study of the 16 cities with official data (n = 302 parks), we simulated a collection of non-official data using GMaps-OSM and OSM only. From GMaps-OSM, we obtained 142 parks, and from OSM, 230 parks. Statistical analysis showed a better agreement between official data and OSM. After completing verification and harmonization, the complete dataset (official and GMaps-OSM) included 430 urban parks with a total area of 145.14 km2. The mean number of parks across cities was 16, with a mean size area of 0.33 km2. The median number of parks was nine, with a median area of 0.07 km2. This study highlights the importance of creating mechanisms to access, collect, harmonize, and verify urban park data, which is essential for examining the impact of parks on health. It also stresses the importance of providing reliable urban park spatial data for city officials.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2023 Slovic et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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