The recovery of European freshwater biodiversity has come to a halt.

Autor: Haase P; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany. peter.haase@senckenberg.de.; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. peter.haase@senckenberg.de., Bowler DE; Department of Ecosystem Services, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.; Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.; Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany., Baker NJ; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany.; Laboratory of Evolutionary Ecology of Hydrobionts, Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania., Bonada N; FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain., Domisch S; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany., Garcia Marquez JR; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany., Heino J; Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland., Hering D; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany., Jähnig SC; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.; Geography Department, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Schmidt-Kloiber A; Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria., Stubbington R; School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK., Altermatt F; Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.; Department of Aquatic Ecology, Eawag: Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland., Álvarez-Cabria M; IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Amatulli G; School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA., Angeler DG; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.; IMPACT, The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.; Brain Capital Alliance, San Francisco, CA, USA.; School of Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA., Archambaud-Suard G; INRAE, UMR RECOVER Aix Marseille Univ, Centre d'Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France., Jorrín IA; Agencia Vasca del Agua, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain., Aspin T; Wessex Water, Bath, UK., Azpiroz I; Ekolur Asesoría Ambiental SLL, Oiartzun, Spain., Bañares I; Departamento de Medio Ambiente y Obras Hidráulicas, Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain., Ortiz JB; IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Bodin CL; LFI-The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway., Bonacina L; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy., Bottarin R; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy., Cañedo-Argüelles M; FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Facultat de Biologia, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.; FEHM-Lab, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Barcelona, Spain., Csabai Z; Department of Hydrobiology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic., Datry T; INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France., de Eyto E; Fisheries Ecosystems Advisory Services, Marine Institute, Newport, Ireland., Dohet A; Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg., Dörflinger G; Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus., Drohan E; Centre for Freshwater and Environmental Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Ireland., Eikland KA; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway., England J; Environment Agency, Wallingford, UK., Eriksen TE; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway., Evtimova V; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., Feio MJ; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal., Ferréol M; INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France., Floury M; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.; Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France., Forcellini M; INRAE, UR RiverLy, Centre de Lyon-Villeurbanne, Villeurbanne, France., Forio MAE; Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Fornaroli R; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences-DISAT, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy., Friberg N; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway.; Freshwater Biological Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.; water@leeds, School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK., Fruget JF; ARALEP-Ecologie des Eaux Douces, Villeurbanne, France., Georgieva G; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., Goethals P; Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Graça MAS; Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ARNET, Coimbra, Portugal., Graf W; Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria., House A; Wessex Water, Bath, UK., Huttunen KL; Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland., Jensen TC; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway., Johnson RK; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden., Jones JI; School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Kiesel J; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.; Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Management, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Institute for Natural Resource Conservation, Kiel, Germany., Kuglerová L; Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden., Larrañaga A; Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain., Leitner P; Department of Water, Atmosphere and Environment, Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecosystem Management, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria., L'Hoste L; Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg., Lizée MH; INRAE, UMR RECOVER Aix Marseille Univ, Centre d'Aix-en-Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France., Lorenz AW; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany., Maire A; Laboratoire National d'Hydraulique et Environnement, EDF Recherche et Développement, Chatou, France., Arnaiz JAM; Agencia Vasca del Agua, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain., McKie BG; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden., Millán A; Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain., Monteith D; UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, UK., Muotka T; Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland., Murphy JF; School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK., Ozolins D; Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Paavola R; Oulanka Research Station, University of Oulu Infrastructure Platform, Kuusamo, Finland., Paril P; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic., Peñas FJ; IHCantabria-Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain., Pilotto F; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway., Polášek M; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic., Rasmussen JJ; Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Oslo, Norway., Rubio M; Ekolur Asesoría Ambiental SLL, Oiartzun, Spain., Sánchez-Fernández D; Department of Ecology and Hydrology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain., Sandin L; Norwegian Institute for Nature Research (NINA), Oslo, Norway., Schäfer RB; Institute for Environmental Science, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Landau, Germany., Scotti A; Institute for Alpine Environment, Eurac Research, Bolzano, Italy.; APEM, Stockport, UK., Shen LQ; Department of Community and Ecosystem Ecology, Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Berlin, Germany.; Institute for Green Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA., Skuja A; Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia., Stoll S; Faculty of Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.; Department of Environmental Planning / Environmental Technology, University of Applied Sciences Trier, Birkenfeld, Germany., Straka M; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.; T.G. Masaryk Water Research Institute, Brno, Czech Republic., Timm H; Chair of Hydrobiology and Fishery, Centre for Limnology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Elva vald, Estonia., Tyufekchieva VG; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., Tziortzis I; Water Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment, Nicosia, Cyprus., Uzunov Y; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., van der Lee GH; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Vannevel R; Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.; Flanders Environment Agency, Aalst, Belgium., Varadinova E; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.; Department of Geography, Ecology and Environment Protection, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, South-West University 'Neofit Rilski', Blagoevgrad, Bulgaria., Várbíró G; Department of Tisza River Research, Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Aquatic Ecology, Debrecen, Hungary., Velle G; LFI-The Laboratory for Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Verdonschot PFM; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.; Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Verdonschot RCM; Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands., Vidinova Y; Department of Aquatic Ecosystems, Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Research, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria., Wiberg-Larsen P; Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark., Welti EAR; Department of River Ecology and Conservation, Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt, Gelnhausen, Germany. mischiefmao@gmail.com.; Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA. mischiefmao@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2023 Aug; Vol. 620 (7974), pp. 582-588. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 09.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06400-1
Abstrakt: Owing to a long history of anthropogenic pressures, freshwater ecosystems are among the most vulnerable to biodiversity loss 1 . Mitigation measures, including wastewater treatment and hydromorphological restoration, have aimed to improve environmental quality and foster the recovery of freshwater biodiversity 2 . Here, using 1,816 time series of freshwater invertebrate communities collected across 22 European countries between 1968 and 2020, we quantified temporal trends in taxonomic and functional diversity and their responses to environmental pressures and gradients. We observed overall increases in taxon richness (0.73% per year), functional richness (2.4% per year) and abundance (1.17% per year). However, these increases primarily occurred before the 2010s, and have since plateaued. Freshwater communities downstream of dams, urban areas and cropland were less likely to experience recovery. Communities at sites with faster rates of warming had fewer gains in taxon richness, functional richness and abundance. Although biodiversity gains in the 1990s and 2000s probably reflect the effectiveness of water-quality improvements and restoration projects, the decelerating trajectory in the 2010s suggests that the current measures offer diminishing returns. Given new and persistent pressures on freshwater ecosystems, including emerging pollutants, climate change and the spread of invasive species, we call for additional mitigation to revive the recovery of freshwater biodiversity.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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