Therapeutic strategies targeting the endothelial glycocalyx.

Autor:	Machin DR; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida., Sabouri M; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida., Zheng X; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida., Donato AJ; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Utah.; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Salt Lake City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA SLC.; Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology.; Department of Biochemistry.; Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care [Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care] 2023 Nov 01; Vol. 26 (6), pp. 543-550. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 09.
DOI:	10.1097/MCO.0000000000000973
Abstrakt:	Purpose of Review: This review will highlight recent studies that have examined the endothelial glycocalyx in a variety of health conditions, as well as potential glycocalyx-targeted therapies. Recent Findings: A degraded glycocalyx is present in individuals that consume high sodium diet or have kidney disease, diabetes, preeclampsia, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), or sepsis. Specifically, these conditions are accompanied by elevated glycocalyx components in the blood, such as syndecan-1, syndecans-4, heparin sulfate, and enhanced heparinase activity. Impaired glycocalyx barrier function is accompanied by decreased nitric oxide bioavailability, increased leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, and vascular permeability. Glycocalyx degradation appears to play a key role in the progression of cardiovascular complications. However, studies that have used glycocalyx-targeted therapies to treat these conditions are scarce. Various therapeutics can restore the glycocalyx in kidney disease, diabetes, COVID-19, and sepsis. Exposing endothelial cells to glycocalyx components, such as heparin sulfate and hyaluronan protects the glycocalyx. Summary: We conclude that the glycocalyx is degraded in a variety of health conditions, although it remains to be determined whether glycocalyx degradation plays a causal role in disease progression and severity, and whether glycocalyx-targeted therapies improve patient health outcomes. Future studies are warranted to investigate therapeutic strategies that target the endothelial glycocalyx. (Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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