Prevalence of haemoglobin A1c based dysglycaemia among adult community dwellers in selected states in Nigeria: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

Autor:	Ajayi IO; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Balogun WO; College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.; Department of Medicine, University College Hospital Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria., Olopade OB; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Ajani GO; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Soyoye DO; College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Bolarinwa OA; College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Olamoyegun MA; Department of Medicine, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria., Alatishe-Muhammad BW; Directorate of Planning, Research and Statistics, Kwara State Ministry of Education, Ilorin, Nigeria., Odeniyi IA; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Odukoya O; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Fasanmade OA; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Diyaolu FP; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Otrofanowei E; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Akase I; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Agabi PO; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Adejimi A; College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria., Ajetunmobi OA; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Durowade KA; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Gabriel-Alayode EO; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Ibrahim AO; Department of Medicine, Federal Teaching Hospital Ido-Ekiti, Ido-Ekiti, Nigeria., Ezekpo OO; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Elegbede TO; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University, Ekiti, Nigeria., Lamidi AO; College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Owolabi FA; College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Yusuf AO; College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Adetunji TA; College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria., Ogunmodede AJ; College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Ameen AH; College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Biliaminu AS; College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria., Nasiru S; Department of Medicine, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in endocrinology [Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)] 2023 Jul 20; Vol. 14, pp. 1192491. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 20 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fendo.2023.1192491
Abstrakt:	Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of public health importance globally with an increasing burden of undiagnosed pre-diabetes and diabetes in low- and middle-income countries, Nigeria in particular. Pre-diabetes and diabetes are established risk factors for cardiovascular complications. However, data are scanty on the current prevalence of these conditions in Nigeria, based on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) diagnosis as recommended by the WHO in 2009. We aimed to determine the prevalence of pre-diabetes, diabetes, and undiagnosed diabetes among the adult population of Nigeria using HbA1c. Methodology: A cross-sectional, multi-site population study was carried out in selected states in Nigeria (namely, Ekiti, Lagos, Osun, Oyo, and Kwara states) involving 2,708 adults (≥18 years) in rural and urban community dwellers, without prior diagnosis of pre-diabetes or diabetes. Participants with ongoing acute or debilitating illnesses were excluded. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered pretested, semi-structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic, clinical (weight, height, blood pressure, etc.), and laboratory characteristics of participants including HbA1c were obtained. Data were analysed using STATA version 16. Results: The mean age of participants was 48.1 ± 15.8 years, and 65.5% were female. The overall prevalence of pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes was 40.5% and 10.7%, respectively, while the prevalence of high blood pressure was 36.7%. The prevalence of pre-diabetes was the highest in Lagos (48.1%) and the lowest in Ekiti (36.7%), while the prevalence of diabetes was the highest in Kwara (14.2%) and the lowest in Ekiti (10%). There was a significant association between age of the participants (p< 0.001), gender (p = 0.009), educational status (p = 0.008), occupation (p< 0.001), tribe (p = 0.004), marital status (p< 0.001), blood pressure (p< 0.001), and their diabetic or pre-diabetic status. Independent predictors of diabetes and pre-diabetes include excess weight gain, sedentary living, and ageing. Participants within the age group 45-54 years had the highest total prevalence (26.6%) of pre-diabetes and diabetes. Conclusion: Over half of the respondents had pre-diabetes and diabetes, with a high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes. A nationwide screening campaign will promote early detection of pre-diabetes and undiagnosed diabetes among adult Nigerians. Health education campaigns could be an effective tool in community settings to improve knowledge of the risk factors for diabetes to reduce the prevalence of dysglycaemia. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Ajayi, Balogun, Olopade, Ajani, Soyoye, Bolarinwa, Olamoyegun, Alatishe-Muhammad, Odeniyi, Odukoya, Fasanmade, Diyaolu, Otrofanowei, Akase, Agabi, Adejimi, Ajetunmobi, Durowade, Gabriel-Alayode, Ibrahim, Ezekpo, Elegbede, Lamidi, Owolabi, Yusuf, Adetunji, Ogunmodede, Ameen, Biliaminu and Nasiru.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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