Antimicrobial resistance and its relationship with antimicrobial use on Austrian dairy farms.

Autor: Werner T; Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria., Käsbohrer A; Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.; Department for Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany., Wasner B; Upper Austrian Animal Health Organization Laboratory, Clinical Microbiology, Upper Austrian Animal Health Organization, Ried im Innkreis, Austria., Köberl-Jelovcan S; Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Centre for Foodborne Infectious Diseases, Division of Public Health, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Graz, Austria., Vetter SG; Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria., Egger-Danner C; ZuchtData EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH, Vienna, Austria., Fuchs K; Data, Statistics and Risk Assessment, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Graz, Austria., Obritzhauser W; Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.; Veterinary Practice, Parschlug, Austria., Firth CL; Unit of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Institute of Food Safety, Food Technology and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2023 Jul 21; Vol. 10, pp. 1225826. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 21 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1225826
Abstrakt: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli and the resistance pattern of commensal E. coli , as well as the link between the use of antibiotics (AMU) and the occurrence of resistance in E. coli on Austrian dairy farms. AMU data from 51 farms were collected over a one-year period in 2020. Fecal samples were collected from cows, pre-weaned and weaned calves in 2020 and 2022. Samples were then analyzed using non-selective and selective agar plates, E. coli isolates were confirmed by MALDI-TOF analysis. Broth microdilution was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The AMU of each farm was quantified as the number of Defined Daily Doses (nDDD vet ) and Defined Course Doses (nDCD vet ) per cow and year. Cephalosporins (mean 1.049; median 0.732 DDD vet /cow/year) and penicillins (mean 0.667; median 0.383 DDD vet /cow/year) were the most frequently used antibiotics on these farms, followed by tetracyclines (mean 0.275; median 0.084 DDD vet /cow/year). In 2020, 26.8% of the E. coli isolated were resistant to at least one antibiotic class and 17.7% of the isolates were classified as multidrug resistant (≥3 antibiotic classes). Out of 198 E. coli isolates, 7.6% were identified as extended-spectrum/AmpC beta-lactamase (ESBL/AmpC) producing E. coli . In 2022, 33.7% of E. coli isolates showed resistance to at least one antibiotic and 20.0% of isolates displayed multidrug resistance. Furthermore, 29.5% of the samples carried ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli . In 2020 and 2022, the most frequently determined antibiotic resistances among commensal E. coli isolates were to tetracyclines, sulfonamides and penicillins. In addition, pre-weaned calves had the highest resistance rates in both years. Statistical analyses showed a significant association between low and high use AMU classifications for penicillins (in nDDD vet /cow/year) and their respective resistance among commensal E. coli isolates in 2020 ( p  = 0.044), as well as for sulfonamide/trimethoprim ( p  = 0.010) and tetracyclines ( p  = 0.042). A trend was also noted between the total amount of antibiotics used on farm in 2020 (by nDDD vet /cow/year) and multidrug resistances in commensal E. coli isolated on farm that year ( p  = 0.067). In conclusion, the relationship between AMU and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on dairy farms continues to be complex and difficult to quantify.
Competing Interests: CE-D is employed by ZuchtData EDV-Dienstleistungen GmbH; WO owns his own veterinary practice. All authors collaborated on this project as part of the D4Dairy research consortium (www.d4dairy.com), which was made up of both commercial and academic research institutions as required by the funding agency. The funders did not contribute to the study’s design, data collection, analysis or interpretation, manuscript writing, or decision to publish the results. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2023 Werner, Käsbohrer, Wasner, Köberl-Jelovcan, Vetter, Egger-Danner, Fuchs, Obritzhauser and Firth.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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