The meaning of wild: Genetic and adaptive consequences from large-scale releases of domestic mallards.

Autor: Lavretsky P; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79668, USA. plavretsky@utep.edu., Mohl JE; Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79668, USA., Söderquist P; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Kristianstad University, SE- 291 88, Kristianstad, Sweden., Kraus RHS; Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, 78315, Radolfzell, Germany., Schummer ML; Department of Environmental Biology, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA., Brown JI; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79668, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Communications biology [Commun Biol] 2023 Aug 05; Vol. 6 (1), pp. 819. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 05.
DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05170-w
Abstrakt: The translocation of individuals around the world is leading to rising incidences of anthropogenic hybridization, particularly between domestic and wild congeners. We apply a landscape genomics approach for thousands of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) samples across continental and island populations to determine the result of over a century of supplementation practices. We establish that a single domestic game-farm mallard breed is the source for contemporary release programs in Eurasia and North America, as well as for established feral populations in New Zealand and Hawaii. In particular, we identify central Europe and eastern North America as epicenters of ongoing anthropogenic hybridization, and conclude that the release of game-farm mallards continues to affect the genetic integrity of wild mallards. Conversely, self-sustaining feral populations in New Zealand and Hawaii not only show strong differentiation from their original stock, but also signatures of local adaptation occurring in less than a half-century since game-farm mallard releases have ceased. We conclude that 'wild' is not singular, and that even feral populations are capable of responding to natural processes. Although considered paradoxical to biological conservation, understanding the capacity for wildness among feral and feral admixed populations in human landscapes is critical as such interactions increase in the Anthropocene.
(© 2023. Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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