Validation of a serum ELISA test for cyathostomin infection in equines.

Autor: Lightbody KL; Austin Davis Biologics, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Great Addington, NN14 4BL, UK., Austin A; Austin Davis Biologics, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Great Addington, NN14 4BL, UK., Lambert PA; College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK., von Samson-Himmelstjerna G; Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163 Berlin, Germany., Jürgenschellert L; Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163 Berlin, Germany., Krücken J; Freie Universität Berlin, Institute for Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Robert-von-Ostertag-Str. 7, 14163 Berlin, Germany., Nielsen MK; Gluck Equine Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA., Sallé G; INRAE, Université de Tours, UMR1282 ISP, F-37380 Nouzilly, France., Reigner F; INRAE, UE Physiologie Animale de l'Orfrasière, 37380 Nouzilly, France., Donnelly CG; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA., Finno CJ; Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA., Walshe N; School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland., Mulcahy G; School of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Sciences Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland., Housby-Skeggs N; The Horse Trust, Slad Lane, Princes Risborough HP27 0PP, UK., Grice S; The Horse Trust, Slad Lane, Princes Risborough HP27 0PP, UK., Geyer KK; Moredun Research Institute, Edinburgh EH26 0PZ, UK., Austin CJ; Austin Davis Biologics, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Great Addington, NN14 4BL, UK., Matthews JB; Austin Davis Biologics, Unit 1 Denfield Lodge, Great Addington, NN14 4BL, UK. Electronic address: jacqui.matthews@austindavis.co.uk.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: International journal for parasitology [Int J Parasitol] 2024 Jan; Vol. 54 (1), pp. 23-32. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2023.07.001
Abstrakt: Cyathostomins are ubiquitous equine nematodes. Infection can result in larval cyathostominosis due to mass larval emergence. Although faecal egg count (FEC) tests provide estimates of egg shedding, these correlate poorly with burden and provide no information on mucosal/luminal larvae. Previous studies describe a serum IgG(T)-based ELISA (CT3) that exhibits utility for detection of mucosal/luminal cyathostomins. Here, this ELISA is optimised/validated for commercial application using sera from horses for which burden data were available. Optimisation included addition of total IgG-based calibrators to provide standard curves for quantification of antigen-specific IgG(T) used to generate a CT3-specific 'serum score' for each horse. Validation dataset results were then used to assess the optimised test's performance and select serum score cut-off values for diagnosis of burdens above 1000, 5000 and 10,000 cyathostomins. The test demonstrated excellent performance (Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under the Curve values >0.9) in diagnosing infection, with >90% sensitivity and >70% specificity at the selected serum score cut-off values. CT3-specific serum IgG(T) profiles in equines in different settings were assessed to provide information for commercial test use. These studies demonstrated maternal transfer of CT3-specific IgG(T) in colostrum to newborns, levels of which declined before increasing as foals consumed contaminated pasture. Studies in geographically distinct populations demonstrated that the proportion of horses that reported as test positive at a 14.37 CT3 serum score (1000-cyathostomin threshold) was associated with parasite transmission risk. Based on the results, inclusion criteria for commercial use were developed. Logistic regression models were developed to predict probabilities that burdens of individuals are above defined thresholds based on the reported serum score. The models performed at a similar level to the serum score cut-off approach. In conclusion, the CT3 test provides an option for veterinarians to obtain evidence of low cyathostomin burdens that do not require anthelmintic treatment and to support diagnosis of infection.
(Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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