Examining the Bidirectional Nature of Loneliness and Anxiety Among Older Adults in Daily Life.

Autor:	Van Bogart K; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA., Scott SB; Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA., Harrington KD; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA., Felt JM; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA., Sliwinski MJ; Center for Healthy Aging, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.; Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA., Graham-Engeland JE; Department of Biobehavioral Health, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences [J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci] 2023 Oct 09; Vol. 78 (10), pp. 1676-1685.
DOI:	10.1093/geronb/gbad105
Abstrakt:	Objectives: Loneliness in later life increases the risk for adverse health outcomes; however, less is known about how loneliness is maintained. Anxiety may play an important role in maintaining loneliness, but little is known about how this connection plays out over time in daily life. This study thus focused on the within-person associations between momentary loneliness and anxiety among older adults. Methods: Participants were 317 diverse older adults (40% Black; 13% Hispanic, mean age = 77.45 years, 67% women) systematically recruited from the Bronx, NY, who completed ecological momentary assessments 5 times daily for 14 consecutive days. Multilevel models tested bidirectional contemporaneous, momentary cross-lagged (t - 1), day-level cross-lagged (average day to end of day), and day-to-day cross-lagged associations between loneliness and anxiety. Separate sensitivity analyses controlled for concurrent overall mood valence or depressed state. Gender and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) status were tested as moderators at all timescales. Results: Significant bidirectional associations between loneliness and anxiety were found at the contemporaneous and momentary cross-lagged (t - 1) timescales. Higher average daily loneliness predicted higher end-of-day anxiety, but not vice versa. Loneliness and anxiety were not significantly associated from day to day. Sensitivity analyses revealed some associations varied depending on inclusion of either concurrent mood valence or depressed state. Neither gender nor MCI status moderated associations at any timescale. Discussion: Findings shed light on the complex temporal ordering of loneliness and anxiety in daily life and extend contemporary theoretical notions of loneliness, including the possibility of interventions that target key moments in daily life. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Gerontological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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