Effects of different obesogenic diets on joint integrity, inflammation and intermediate monocyte levels in a rat groove model of osteoarthritis.

Autor:	Warmink K; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands., Rios JL; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands., van Valkengoed DR; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands., Vinod P; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands., Korthagen NM; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands.; Department of Equine Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands., Weinans H; Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht (UMCU), Utrecht, Netherlands.; Department of Biomechanical Engineering, TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2023 Jul 13; Vol. 14, pp. 1211972. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 13 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2023.1211972
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Obesogenic diets aggravate osteoarthritis (OA) by inducing low-grade systemic inflammation, and diet composition may affect OA severity. Here, we investigated the effect of diet on joint damage and inflammation in an OA rat model. Methods: Wistar-Han rats ( n = 24) were fed a chow, a high-fat (HF) diet, or a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFS) for 24 weeks. OA was induced unilaterally 12 weeks after the diet onset by groove surgery, and compared to sham surgery or no surgical intervention (contralateral limb). Knee OA severity was determined by OARSI histopathology scoring system. At several timepoints monocyte populations were measured using flow cytometry, and joint macrophage response was determined via CD68 immunohistochemistry staining. Results: Groove surgery combined with HF or HFS diet resulted in higher OARSI scores, and both HF and HFS diet showed increased circulating intermediate monocytes compared to chow fed rats. Additionally, in the HFS group, minimal damage by sham surgery resulted in an increased OARSI score. HFS diet resulted in the largest metabolic dysregulation, synovial inflammation and increased CD68 staining in tibia epiphysis bone marrow. Conclusion: Obesogenic diets resulted in aggravated OA development, even with very minimal joint damage when combined with the sucrose/fat-rich diet. We hypothesize that diet-induced low-grade inflammation primes monocytes and macrophages in the blood, bone marrow, and synovium, resulting in joint damage when triggered by groove OA inducing surgery. When the metabolic dysregulation is larger, as observed here for the HFS diet, the surgical trigger required to induce joint damage may be smaller, or even redundant. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Warmink, Rios, van Valkengoed, Vinod, Korthagen and Weinans.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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