Morpho-physiological mechanisms of two different quinoa ecotypes to resist salt stress.

Autor: Hussin SA; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt. sayed_hussin@agr.asu.edu.eg., Ali SH; Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt., Lotfy ME; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt., El-Samad EHA; Vegetable Research Department, Agricultural & Biological Research Institute, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth St, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt., Eid MA; Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt., Abd-Elkader AM; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt., Eisa SS; Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra 11241, P.O. Box 68, Cairo, Egypt. sayed_eisa@agr.asu.edu.eg.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC plant biology [BMC Plant Biol] 2023 Jul 31; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 374. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 31.
DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04342-4
Abstrakt: Background: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a facultative halophyte showing various mechanisms of salt resistance among different ecotype cultivars. This study aimed to determine salt resistance limits for a Peruvian sea level ecotype "Hualhuas" and a Bolivian salar ecotype "Real" and elucidate individual mechanisms conferring differences in salt resistance between these cultivars. The plants were grown in sandy soil and irrigated with various saline solutions concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mM NaCl) under controlled conditions.
Results: High salinity treatment (500 mM NaCl) reduced the plant growth by 80% and 87% in Hualhuas and Real cultivars, respectively. EC 50 (water salinity which reduces the maximum yield by 50%) was at a salinity of 300 mM NaCl for Hualhuas and between 100 and 200 mM NaCl for Real plants. Both cultivars were able to lower the osmotic potential of all organs due to substantial Na + accumulation. However, Hualhuas plants exhibited distinctly lower Na + contents and consequently a higher K + /Na + ratio compared to Real plants, suggesting a more efficient control mechanism for Na + loading and better K + retention in Hualhuas plants. Net CO 2 assimilation rates (A net ) were reduced, being only 22.4% and 36.2% of the control values in Hualhuas and Real, respectively, at the highest salt concentration. At this salinity level, Hualhuas plants showed lower stomatal conductance (g s ) and transpiration rates (E), but higher photosynthetic water use efficiency (PWUE), indicative of an efficient control mechanism over the whole gas-exchange machinery.
Conclusion: These results reveal that Hualhuas is a promising candidate in terms of salt resistance and biomass production compared to Real.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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