| Autor: |
Bhosale PB; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Kim HH; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Abusaliya A; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Jeong SH; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Park MY; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Kim HW; Division of Animal Bioscience & Intergrated Biotechnology, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea., Seong JK; Laboratory of Developmental Biology and Genomics, BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea., Ahn M; Department of Animal Science, College of Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju 26339, Republic of Korea., Park KI; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea., Heo JD; Biological Resources Research Group, Bioenvironmental Science and Toxicology Division, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea., Kim YS; T-Stem Co., Ltd., Changwon 51573, Republic of Korea., Kim GS; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea. |
| Abstrakt: |
Epidemiologic research recommends using flavonoids in the diet due to their overall health benefits. Apigetrin (Apigenin 7-O-glucoside) is a glycoside phytonutrient found in fruits and vegetables and known for different biological activities such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is a major health concern because of its adverse prognosis and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. In the present study, we determine the impact of apigetrin on HepG2 cells and its cell death mechanism. Apigetrin reduced HepG2 cell proliferation with morphological changes and floating cells in treated cells. Colony formation and wound healing assays showed a reduced cell number in treatment groups. Further, we checked for the cell cycle through flow cytometry to understand the cell death mechanism. Apigetrin induced G2/M phase arrest in HepG2 cells by regulating Cyclin B1 and CDK1 protein levels in HepG2 cells. Annexin V and propidium iodide (PI) staining was performed to confirm the apoptotic cell population in treated groups. At the higher concentration, apigetrin showed a late apoptotic population in HepG2 cells. Chromatin condensation was also found in the treatment groups. Western blot analysis showed an increased expression of extrinsic apoptotic proteins such as FasL, Cleaved caspase 8, Cleaved caspase 3, and cleavage of PARP. In comparison, intrinsic apoptotic pathway markers showed no changes in Bax, Bcl-xL, and Cleaved caspase 9. Altogether, these findings strongly indicate that apigetrin causes cell death in HepG2 cells through the extrinsic apoptotic pathway, and that the intrinsic/mitochondrial pathway is not involved. |
