Trends in socioeconomic inequalities in behavioural non-communicable disease risk factors: analysis of repeated cross-sectional health surveys in England between 2003 and 2019.

Autor: Ogunlayi F; University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK. fatai.ogunlayi@nhs.net., Coleman PC; University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.; Centre for Food Policy, City University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK., Fat LN; Health and Social Surveys Group, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London (UCL), 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK., Mindell JS; Health and Social Surveys Group, Research Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London (UCL), 1-19 Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7HB, UK., Oyebode O; University of Warwick, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.; Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2023 Jul 28; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 1442. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 28.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16275-6
Abstrakt: Background: Previous studies have shown that those in lower socioeconomic positions (SEPs) generally have higher levels of behavioural non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors. However, there are limited studies examining recent trends in inequalities. This study examined trends in socioeconomic inequalities in NCD behavioural risk factors and their co-occurrence in England from 2003-19.
Methods: This time-trend analysis of repeated cross-sectional data from the Health Survey for England examined the relative index of inequalities (RII) and slope index of inequalities (SII) in four NCD behavioural risk factors: smoking; drinking above recommended limits; insufficient fruit and vegetables consumption; and physical inactivity.
Findings: Prevalence of risk factors has reduced over time, however, this has not been consistent across SEPs. Absolute and relative inequalities increased for physical inactivity; relative inequalities also increased for smoking; for insufficient fruit and vegetable consumption, the trends in inequalities depended on SEPs measure. Those in lower SEPs experienced persistent socioeconomic inequalities and clustering of behavioural risk factors. In contrast, those in higher SEPs had higher prevalence of excessive alcohol consumption; this inequality widened over the study period.
Interpretation: Inequalities in smoking and physical inactivity are persisting or widening. The pattern of higher drinking in higher SEPs obscure the fact that the greatest burden of alcohol-related harm falls on lower SEPs. Policy attention is required to tackle increasing inequalities in smoking prevalence, low fruit and vegetable consumption and physical inactivity, and to reduce alcohol harm.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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