Frostbite: a treatment guideline for prehospital treatment in a military environment.

Autor:	Turner BL; Royal Netherlands Navy, Diving Medical Centre, Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, Netherlands., van Dongen TTCF; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands ttcfvandongen@alrijne.nl.; Defence Healthcare Organisation, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands., Berendsen RR; Department of Anaesthesiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands., de Jong FJM; Royal Netherlands Navy, Diving Medical Centre, Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, Netherlands., Endert EL; Royal Netherlands Navy, Diving Medical Centre, Netherlands Ministry of Defence, Den Helder, Noord-Holland, Netherlands., van Hulst RA; Department of Anaesthesiology, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands., Hoencamp R; Department of Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Zuid-Holland, Netherlands.; Defence Healthcare Organisation, Ministry of Defence, Utrecht, Netherlands.; Department of Surgery, Alrijne Ziekenhuis, Leiderdorp, Netherlands.; Trauma Research Unit, Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BMJ military health [BMJ Mil Health] 2023 Jul 26. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 26.
DOI:	10.1136/military-2023-002380
Abstrakt:	Frostbite remains a severe medical condition that causes long-lasting sequelae and can threaten military operations. Information on prehospital treatment of frostbite is scarce and existing guidelines are aimed at the general population.This paper provides a guideline on prehospital emergency care of frostbite in the (Netherlands) Armed Forces. The insights gained from studies reporting on frostbite treatment in the prehospital setting were combined with the expert opinions of the authors and applied to the military context. The resulting guideline consists of two stages: (prolonged) field care and care at a Medical Treatment Facility. The cornerstones are rewarming in warm water and evacuation to a medical facility. Additional aspects of prehospital treatment are rehydration, proper analgesia, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and wound care.We suggest further collaboration among North Atlantic Treaty Organization partners and other affiliated nations, focusing on the full spectrum of military injury management including state-of-the-art aftercare, long-lasting sequelae and return to duty after frostbite. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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