Single-Nucleus Transcriptome Profiling of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: Mechanistic Roles for Neuronal Gene Expression, Including the 17q21.31 Locus, in PTSD Stress Response.

Autor:	Chatzinakos C; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Pernia CD; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Morrison FG; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Iatrou A; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., McCullough KM; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Schuler H; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Snijders C; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Bajaj T; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., DiPietro CP; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Soliva Estruch M; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Gassen NC; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Anastasopoulos C; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Bharadwaj RA; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Bowlby BC; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Hartmann J; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Maihofer AX; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Nievergelt CM; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Ressler NM; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Wolf EJ; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Carlezon WA Jr; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Krystal JH; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Kleinman JE; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Girgenti MJ; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Huber BR; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Kellis M; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Logue MW; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Miller MW; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Ressler KJ; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue)., Daskalakis NP; Department of Psychiatry, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, McCullough, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Hartmann, N.M. Ressler, Carlezon, K.J. Ressler, Daskalakis); Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Chatzinakos, Pernia, Iatrou, Schuler, Snijders, DiPietro, Soliva Estruch, Anastasopoulos, Bowlby, Daskalakis); National Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller); Department of Psychiatry (Morrison, Wolf, Logue, Miller), Department of Neurology (Huber), and Department of Biomedical Genetics (Logue), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston; Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands (Soliva Estruch, Snijders); RG Neurohomeostasis, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany (Bajaj, Gassen); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland (Anastasopoulos); Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore (Bharadwaj, Kleinman); Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla (Maihofer, Nievergelt); Center for Excellence in Stress and Mental Health (Maihofer, Nievergelt) and Research Service (Maihofer, Nievergelt), Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Psychiatry Service, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven (Krystal, Girgenti); National Center for PTSD, Clinical Neurosciences Division, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, West Haven, Conn. (Krystal, Girgenti); Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore (Kleinman); Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston (Huber); Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Mass. (Kellis); Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston (Logue).
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The American journal of psychiatry [Am J Psychiatry] 2023 Oct 01; Vol. 180 (10), pp. 739-754. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 26.
DOI:	10.1176/appi.ajp.20220478
Abstrakt:	Objective: Multidisciplinary studies of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) implicate the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in disease risk and pathophysiology. Postmortem brain studies have relied on bulk-tissue RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), but single-cell RNA-seq is needed to dissect cell-type-specific mechanisms. The authors conducted the first single-nucleus RNA-seq postmortem brain study in PTSD to elucidate disease transcriptomic pathology with cell-type-specific resolution. Method: Profiling of 32 DLPFC samples from 11 individuals with PTSD, 10 with MDD, and 11 control subjects was conducted (∼415K nuclei; >13K cells per sample). A replication sample included 15 DLPFC samples (∼160K nuclei; >11K cells per sample). Results: Differential gene expression analyses identified significant single-nucleus RNA-seq differentially expressed genes (snDEGs) in excitatory (EX) and inhibitory (IN) neurons and astrocytes, but not in other cell types or bulk tissue. MDD samples had more false discovery rate-corrected significant snDEGs, and PTSD samples had a greater replication rate. In EX and IN neurons, biological pathways that were differentially enriched in PTSD compared with MDD included glucocorticoid signaling. Furthermore, glucocorticoid signaling in induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cortical neurons demonstrated greater relevance in PTSD and opposite direction of regulation compared with MDD, especially in EX neurons. Many snDEGs were from the 17q21.31 locus and are particularly interesting given causal roles in disease pathogenesis and DLPFC-based neuroimaging (PTSD: ARL17B , LINC02210-CRHR1 , and LRRC37A2 ; MDD: LRRC37A and LRP4 ), while others were regulated by glucocorticoids in iPSC-derived neurons (PTSD: SLC16A6 , TAF1C ; MDD: CDH3 ). Conclusions: The study findings point to cell-type-specific mechanisms of brain stress response in PTSD and MDD, highlighting the importance of examining cell-type-specific gene expression and indicating promising novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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