Inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal anemia and low birth weight in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Seid A; Department of Adult Health Nursing College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia.; Center for Food Sciences and Nutrition Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia., Dugassa Fufa D; Center for Food Sciences and Nutrition Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia.; Haramaya Institute of Technology, Haramaya University Dire Dawa Ethiopia., Weldeyohannes M; Department of Anesthesia Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia., Tadesse Z; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia., Fenta SL; Department of Midwifery College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia., Bitew ZW; Center for Food Sciences and Nutrition Addis Ababa University Addis Ababa Ethiopia.; St. Paul Hospital Millennium Medical College Addis Ababa Ethiopia., Dessie G; Department of Adult Health Nursing College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia.; National Center for Epidemiology and Population Health Australian National University, College of Health and Medicine Australian Capital Territory Canberra Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Food science & nutrition [Food Sci Nutr] 2023 May 06; Vol. 11 (7), pp. 3706-3717. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 May 06 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3388
Abstrakt: Inadequately diversified food consumption during pregnancy can lead to micronutrient deficiencies, which can affect maternal and newborn health outcomes. Previous studies on maternal dietary diversity have either been limited to a specific geographical region or consist entirely of systematic reviews, without meta-analyses. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled estimate of the association between inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and low birth weight in Africa. A systematic review of observational studies published between January 2000 and April 2022 was undertaken using the Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. The PRISMA checklist was followed to present the results. Microsoft Excel was used to abstract the data. STATA version 17 was used to analyze the data, and a random-effects meta-analysis model was applied to compute the pooled estimates. The study was registered in PROSPERO with protocol number CRD42022320873. A total of 22 publications with 9,696 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for inadequate dietary diversity and maternal anemia was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.66-2.65), while that for low birth weight was 2.04 (95% CI, 1.46-2.63). The highest pooled estimate of maternal anemia was reported in Cameroon (AOR = 9.8, 95% CI: 1.68-17.92), followed by Ethiopia (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.95-3.25). Similarly, the pooled estimates of low birth weight were highest in Cameroon (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.19-4.88) and Ethiopia (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.29-2.39). In Africa, pregnant mothers with inadequate dietary diversity are two times more likely to develop anemia and low birth weight. Social protection policies that prioritize pregnant women, maternal nutrition promotion in the community, and dietary counseling during antenatal care visits, using national food-based dietary guidelines, should be strengthened.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
(© 2023 The Authors. Food Science & Nutrition published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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