Monthly distribution of lipophilic marine biotoxins and associated microalgae in the South Sea Coast of Korea throughout 2021.

Autor: Kim M; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea., Hong S; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hongseongjin@cnu.ac.kr., Lim YK; Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea., Cha J; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea., Kim Y; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea., Lee CE; Department of Marine Environmental Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea., Yoon JN; Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea., Lee HS; Department of Food Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea., Baek SH; Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: baeksh@kiost.ac.kr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2023 Nov 10; Vol. 898, pp. 165472. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 12.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165472
Abstrakt: Aquaculture farms have been established along the South Sea Coast of Korea, supplying most of the seafood consumed domestically. However, annual harmful algal blooms pose a potential threat to seafood safety. This study aimed to determine the spatial and seasonal distributions of 12 lipophilic marine biotoxins (LMTs) in phytoplankton and mussels in the region in 2021. Solid-phase adsorption toxin tracking (SPATT) was used to monitor the cumulative compositions of LMTs in seawater. LMT concentrations were also determined in twelve commercially available species of domestic shellfish to evaluate the potential risks to human health. Gonyaulux spinifera and Dinophysis acuminata, causative microalgae of yessotoxins (YTXs) and pectenotoxins (PTXs), respectively, showed high densities in the region from May to July. This period corresponded to high LMT concentrations in phytoplankton and mussels. Phytoplankton mainly contained PTX-2 and homo-YTX, with a maximum concentration of 2300 ng g -1 wet weight (ww) in May. In contrast, mussels mainly contained homo-YTX and YTX, with a maximum concentration of 1300 ng g -1 ww in July. LMTs-producing microalgae showed low densities and concentrations after July, whereas mussels accumulated toxins until September. In the SPATT sampler, more diverse LMTs were detected than in seawater, phytoplankton, and mussels. For example, dinophysistoxin-1 and azaspiracid-2 were detected only in SPATT. YTXs were detected in domestic seafood samples, including mussels, red scallops, and pen shells, but the concentrations were below the European Food Safety Agency recommended standard of 3.75 mg YTX-eq. kg -1 . Moreover, the hazard quotient was less than 100 in all scenarios, indicating that the human health risk was not significant. This study provides valuable data on monthly distribution patterns of LMTs in the South Sea Coast of Korea and can serve as baseline data for future management policies of marine biotoxins.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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