Harnessing the potential of CAR-T cell therapy: progress, challenges, and future directions in hematological and solid tumor treatments.

Autor: Dagar G; Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India., Gupta A; Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India., Masoodi T; Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Nisar S; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA., Merhi M; National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, 3050, Doha, Qatar., Hashem S; Department of Human Genetics, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar., Chauhan R; Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India., Dagar M; Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA., Mirza S; Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates., Bagga P; Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA., Kumar R; School of Biotechnology, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, Jammu and Kashmir, 182320, India., Akil ASA; Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar., Macha MA; Watson-Crick Centre for Molecular Medicine, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir, India., Haris M; Center for Advanced Metabolic Imaging in Precision Medicine, Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar., Uddin S; Laboratory Animal Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar. skhan34@hamad.qa.; Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, P.O. Box 3050, Doha, Qatar. skhan34@hamad.qa., Singh M; Department of Medical Oncology (Lab.), Dr. BRAIRCH, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India. mayank.osu@gmail.com., Bhat AA; Department of Human Genetics-Precision Medicine in Diabetes, Obesity and Cancer Program, Sidra Medicine, P.O. Box 26999, Doha, Qatar. abhat@sidra.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of translational medicine [J Transl Med] 2023 Jul 07; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 449. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 07.
DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04292-3
Abstrakt: Traditional cancer treatments use nonspecific drugs and monoclonal antibodies to target tumor cells. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, however, leverages the immune system's T-cells to recognize and attack tumor cells. T-cells are isolated from patients and modified to target tumor-associated antigens. CAR-T therapy has achieved FDA approval for treating blood cancers like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, large B-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma by targeting CD-19 and B-cell maturation antigens. Bi-specific chimeric antigen receptors may contribute to mitigating tumor antigen escape, but their efficacy could be limited in cases where certain tumor cells do not express the targeted antigens. Despite success in blood cancers, CAR-T technology faces challenges in solid tumors, including lack of reliable tumor-associated antigens, hypoxic cores, immunosuppressive tumor environments, enhanced reactive oxygen species, and decreased T-cell infiltration. To overcome these challenges, current research aims to identify reliable tumor-associated antigens and develop cost-effective, tumor microenvironment-specific CAR-T cells. This review covers the evolution of CAR-T therapy against various tumors, including hematological and solid tumors, highlights challenges faced by CAR-T cell therapy, and suggests strategies to overcome these obstacles, such as utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing and artificial intelligence to optimize clinical-grade CAR-T cells.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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