Changes in trachoma indicators in Kiribati with two rounds of azithromycin mass drug administration, measured in serial population-based surveys.

Autor: Goodhew EB; VAAS Contractors, Atlanta Georgia., Taoaba R; Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati., Harding-Esch EM; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom., Gwyn SE; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta Georgia., Bakhtiari A; International Trachoma Initiative, Task Force for Global Health, Atlanta, Georgia., Butcher R; Clinical Research Department, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom., Cama A; The Fred Hollows Foundation, Melbourne, Australia., Guagliardo SAJ; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta Georgia., Jimenez C; Sightsavers International, London United Kingdom., Mpyet CD; Department of Ophthalmology, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos; Jos, Nigeria, and Sightsavers, Nigeria Country Office, Kaduna, Nigeria., Tun K; Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati., Wickens K; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee., Solomon AW; Department of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland., Martin DL; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta Georgia., Tekeraoi R; Ministry of Health and Medical Services, South Tarawa, Kiribati.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2023 Jul 07; Vol. 17 (7), pp. e0011441. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 07 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011441
Abstrakt: Baseline mapping in the two major population centers of Kiribati showed that trachoma was a public health problem in need of programmatic interventions. After conducting two annual rounds of antibiotic mass drug administration (MDA), Kiribati undertook trachoma impact surveys in 2019, using standardized two-stage cluster surveys in the evaluation units of Kiritimati Island and Tarawa. In Kiritimati, 516 households were visited and in Tarawa, 772 households were visited. Nearly all households had a drinking water source and access to an improved latrine. The prevalence of trachomatous trichiasis remained above the elimination threshold (0.2% in ≥15-year-olds) and was virtually unchanged from baseline. The prevalence of trachomatous inflammation-follicular (TF) in 1-9-year-olds decreased by approximately 40% from baseline in both evaluation units but remained above the 5% TF prevalence threshold for stopping MDA. TF prevalence at impact survey was 11.5% in Kiritimati and 17.9% in Tarawa. Infection prevalence in 1-9-year-olds by PCR was 0.96% in Kiritimati and 3.3% in Tarawa. Using a multiplex bead assay to measure antibodies to the C. trachomatis antigen Pgp3, seroprevalence in 1-9-year-olds was 30.2% in Kiritimati and 31.4% in Tarawa. The seroconversion rate, in seroconversion events/100 children/year, was 9.0 in Kiritimati and 9.2 in Tarawa. Seroprevalence and seroconversion rates were both assessed by four different assays, with strong agreement between tests. These results show that, despite decreases in indicators associated with infection at impact survey, trachoma remains a public health problem in Kiribati, and provide additional information about changes in serological indicators after MDA.
Competing Interests: The authors report no competing interests to declare.
(Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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