Dietary omega-6/omega-3 fatty acids and risk of prostate cancer; Is there any potential interaction by organophosphate insecticides among the agricultural health study population.
| Autor: | Sadeghi H; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA. Electronic address: homa-sadeghi@uiowa.edu., Lynch CF; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA., Field WR; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA., Snetselaar LG; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA., Jones MP; Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA., Sinha R; Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA., Torner JC; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Cancer epidemiology [Cancer Epidemiol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 85, pp. 102410. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 04. |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102410 |
| Abstrakt: | Background: In the United States (US), the average annual increase in the incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) has been 0.5% between 2013 and 2017. Although some modifiable factors have been identified as the risk factors for PCa, the effect of lower ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids intake (N-6/N-3) remains unknown. Previous studies of the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) reported a significant positive association between PCa and selected organophosphate pesticides (OPs) including terbufos and fonofos. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between N-6/N-3 and PCa and any interaction between N-6/N-3 and 2 selected OPs (i.e., terbufos and fonofos) exposure. Design and Participants: This case-control study, nested within a prospective cohort study, was conducted on a subgroup of the AHS population (1193 PCa cases and 14,872 controls) who returned their dietary questionnaire between 1999 and 2003 MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: PCa was coded based on the International Classification of Diseases of Oncology (ICD-O-3) definitions and obtained from the statewide cancer registries of Iowa (2003-2017) and North Carolina (2003-2014). Statistical Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to obtain the odds ratios adjusted (aORs) for age at dietary assessment (years), race/ethnicity (white, African American, other), physical activity (hours/week), smoking (yes/no), terbufos (yes/no), fonofos (yes/no), diabetes, lycopene intake (milligrams/day), family history of PCa, and the interaction of N-6/N-3 with age, terbufos and fonofos. Pesticide exposure was assessed by self-administrated questionnaires collecting data on ever/never use of mentioned pesticides during lifetime as a yes/no variable. Assessing the P value for the interaction between pesticides and N-6/N-3, we used the continuous variable of "intensity adjusted cumulative exposure" to terbufos and fonofos. This exposure score was based on duration, intensity and frequency of exposure. We also conducted a stratified regression analysis by quartiles of age. Results: Relative to the highest N-6/N-3 quartile, the lowest quartile was significantly associated with a decreased risk of PCa (aOR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.41-0.90), and quartile-specific aORs decreased toward the lowest quartile (P Conclusion: Findings showed that lower N-6/N-3 may decrease risk of PCa among farmers. However, no significant interaction was found between selected organophosphate pesticides and N-6/N-3. Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest We confirm that we do not have any conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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