The nexus between government spending, economic growth, and tourism under climate change: testing the CEM model for the USA.

Autor: Bulut U; Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, Kirsehir, Turkey., Ongan S; Department of Economics, University of South Florida, Tampa, USA., Dogru T; Dedman College of Hospitality, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA., Işık C; Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Anadolu University, Tepebaşı, Eskişehir, Turkey. cemisik@anadolu.edu.tr., Ahmad M; College of International Economics & Trade, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, 315175, Zhejiang, China.; 'Belt and Road' Bulk Commodity Research Center, Ningbo University of Finance and Economics, Ningbo, 315175, Zhejiang, China., Alvarado R; Esai Business School, Universidad Espiritu Santo, Samborondon, 091650, Ecuador., Amin A; School of Economics, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, China.; Institute of Energy Policy and Research, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang, 43000, Malaysia., Rehman A; College of Economics and Management, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2023 Aug; Vol. 30 (36), pp. 86138-86154. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jul 04.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28319-w
Abstrakt: This study examines the impact of government spending, income, and tourism consumption on CO 2 emissions in the 50 US states through a novel theoretical model derived from the Armey Curve model and the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis. The findings of this research are essential for policymakers to develop effective strategies for mitigating environmental pollution. Utilizing panel cointegration analysis, the study provides valuable insights into whether continued increases in government spending contribute to higher pollution levels. By identifying the threshold point of spending as a percentage of GDP, policymakers can make informed decisions to avoid the trade-off between increased spending and environmental degradation. For instance, the analysis reveals that Hawaii's tipping point is 16.40%. The empirical results underscore the importance of adopting sustainable policies that foster economic growth while minimizing environmental harm. These findings will aid policymakers in formulating targeted and efficient approaches to tackle climate change and promote long-term environmental sustainability in the United States. Moreover, the impact of tourism development on CO 2 emissions varies across states, with some US states experiencing a decrease while others see an increase.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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